The effects of glyphosate on the development and cell infrastructure of white mustard (<i>Sinapis alba</i> L.) seedlings

Uotila, M.; Evjen, K.; Iversen, Tor‐Henning

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3180.1980.tb00061.x

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…From the current work, male reproductive organs in GR cotton appear to be only partially resistant to the effects of glyphosate, presumably because of the insufficient presence of CP4-EPSPS. However, affected pollen does not seem to degenerate as has been reported for chloroplasts in glyphosate-treated plants (Mollenhauer et al 1987;Uotila et al 1980). Membranes are intact, and no unusual organelle swelling is observed, except for the distended ER.…”

Section: Cp4-epsps In Tissuessupporting

confidence: 58%

“…Glyphosate has previously been shown to affect plastid integrity by causing plastids to swell or burst (Mollenhauer et al 1987;Uotila et al 1980) or to have abnormal chloroplast grana (Pihakaski S. and Pihakaski K. 1980;Vaughn and Duke 1986). Other cellular organelles are likewise sen-sitive to glyphosate disruption.…”

Section: Glyphosate Effects On Pollen Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other cellular organelles are likewise sen-sitive to glyphosate disruption. Vaughn and Duke (1986) reported abnormal nuclei in glyphosate-treated soybean seedlings; whereas Uotila et al (1980) found decreases in starch content, increases in dictyosome and mitochondria number, and disruption of tonoplasts in glyphosate-treated white mustard (Sinapis alba L. ϭ Brassica hirta Moench). Deterioration of oil bodies, ER, and ribosomes, along with increases in lipid bodies and cytoplasmic vacuolation, were reported in glyphosate-treated Pellia epiphylla (L.) Lindb.…”

Section: Glyphosate Effects On Pollen Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reproductive abnormalities in glyphosate-resistant cotton caused by lower CP4-EPSPS levels in the male reproductive tissue

Pline

Viator

Wilcut³

et al. 2002

Weed Science

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Glyphosate treatments to glyphosate-resistant (GR) cotton have been associated with poor pollination and increased boll abortion. Anatomical studies were conducted to characterize the effect of glyphosate treatments on the development of male and female reproductive organs of cotton flowers at anthesis. In comparison with nontreated plants, glyphosate applied at both the four-leaf stage postemergence (POST) and at the eight-leaf stage POST directed inhibited the elongation of the staminal column and filament, which increased the distance from the anthers to the receptive stigma tip by 4.9 to 5.7 mm during the first week of flowering. The increased distance from the anthers to the stigma resulted in 42% less pollen deposited on stigmas of glyphosate-treated plants than in nontreated plants. Moreover, pollen from glyphosate-treated plants showed numerous morphological abnormalities. Transmission electron microscopy showed the presence of large vacuoles, numerous starch grains, and less organized pockets of the endoplasmic reticulum containing fewer ribosomes in pollen from glyphosate-treated plants than from nontreated plants. Pollen development in glyphosate-treated plants is likely inhibited or aborted at the vacuolate microspore and vacuolate microgamete stages of microgametogenesis, resulting in immature pollen at anthesis. Although stigmas from glyphosate-treated plants were 1.2 to 1.4 mm longer than those from nontreated plants, no other anatomical differences in stigmas were visibly evident. The presence of the GR 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (CP4-EPSPS) enzyme from Agrobacterium sp. strain CP4 was quantified in reproductive and vegetative tissues using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The content of CP4-EPSPS in the stigma, anther, preanthesis floral bud (square), and flower petals was significantly less than that in the vegetative leaf tissue. Glyphosate effects on the male reproductive development resulting in poor pollen deposition on the stigma, as well as production of aborted pollen with reduced viability, provide a likely explanation for reports of increased boll abortion and pollination problems in glyphosate-treated GR cotton.

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Section: Cp4-epsps In Tissuessupporting

confidence: 58%

Section: Glyphosate Effects On Pollen Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Glyphosate Effects On Pollen Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reproductive abnormalities in glyphosate-resistant cotton caused by lower CP4-EPSPS levels in the male reproductive tissue

Pline

Viator

Wilcut³

et al. 2002

Weed Science

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“…Both glyphosate treatments caused inwardly progressing chlorosis of leaf disc borders ( Fig. 2A, right), a wellknown effect of glyphosate (Uotila et al, 1980;PlineSrnic, 2005). The effect was stronger in treatment HG compared with treatment LG.…”

Section: Diel Growth Cyclementioning

confidence: 85%

Diel Growth Cycle of Isolated Leaf Discs Analyzed with a Novel, High-Throughput Three-Dimensional Imaging Method Is Identical to That of Intact Leaves

et al. 2009

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Dicot leaves grow with pronounced diel (24-h) cycles that are controlled by a complex network of factors. It is an open question to what extent leaf growth dynamics are controlled by long-range or by local signals. To address this question, we established a stereoscopic imaging system, GROWSCREEN 3D, which quantifies surface growth of isolated leaf discs floating on nutrient solution in wells of microtiter plates. A total of 458 leaf discs of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) were cut at different developmental stages, incubated, and analyzed for their relative growth rates. The camera system was automatically displaced across the array of leaf discs; visualization and camera displacement took about 12 s for each leaf disc, resulting in a time interval of 1.5 h for consecutive size analyses. Leaf discs showed a comparable diel leaf growth cycle as intact leaves but weaker peak growth activity. Hence, it can be concluded that the timing of leaf growth is regulated by local rather than by systemic control processes. This conclusion was supported by results from leaf discs of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) Landsberg erecta wild-type plants and starch-free1 mutants. At night, utilization of transitory starch leads to increased growth of Landsberg erecta wild-type discs compared with starch-free1 discs. Moreover, the decrease of leaf disc growth when exposed to different concentrations of glyphosate showed an immediate dose-dependent response. Our results demonstrate that a dynamic leaf disc growth analysis as we present it here is a promising approach to uncover the effects of internal and external cues on dicot leaf development.

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“…1 are not necessarily evidence that this herbicide acts as a photosynthetic electron transport inhibitor, since Campbell et al (1976) reported ultrastruetural damage to plastids of qwackgrass mesophyll cells as early as 24 h after glyphosate treatment. Uotila et at. (1980) also reported that mustard chloroplasts showed swelling and an increase in plastoglobuli which were not observed in the control cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of glyphosate [N‐(phosphonomethyl)glycine] on photosynthetic pigments, stomatal response and photosynthetic electron transport in Medicago sativa and Trifolium pratense

Muñoz‐Rueda

González‐Murua

Becerril

et al. 1986

Physiologia Plantarum

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Stomatal response, chlorophyll and carotenoid content, and photosynthetic electron transport were investigated in Medicago sativa L. (cv. Aragón) and Trifolium pratense L. (cv. Violeta) after plants were exposed to various glyphosate [N‐(phophonomethyl)glycine] concentrations. The herbicide decreased the content of photosynthetic pigments when applied at concentrations of 0.15, 1.5 and 15 mM, showing a greater effect on chlorophyll pigments than on carotenoids. The chlorophyll a/b ratio increased as a consequence of a major effect on chlorophyll b. Glyphosate treatment (15 mM) led to a closure of stomates after seven days in both species. The results suggest that glyphosate acts as an electron transport inhibitor, because glyphosate pre‐incubated chloroplasts, isolated from control plants, showed reduced photosystem II and photosystem I activities. In general, clover was more sensitive to glyphosate than glyphosate, lucerne.

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The effects of glyphosate on the development and cell infrastructure of white mustard (Sinapis alba L.) seedlings

Cited by 13 publications

References 10 publications

Reproductive abnormalities in glyphosate-resistant cotton caused by lower CP4-EPSPS levels in the male reproductive tissue

Reproductive abnormalities in glyphosate-resistant cotton caused by lower CP4-EPSPS levels in the male reproductive tissue

Diel Growth Cycle of Isolated Leaf Discs Analyzed with a Novel, High-Throughput Three-Dimensional Imaging Method Is Identical to That of Intact Leaves

Effects of glyphosate [N‐(phosphonomethyl)glycine] on photosynthetic pigments, stomatal response and photosynthetic electron transport in Medicago sativa and Trifolium pratense

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