The effects of floods and sockeye salmon on streambed morphology.

Poirier, Ronald

doi:10.24124/2005/bpgub298

Cited by 8 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(60 reference statements)

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“…Streambed excavation by the female salmon disturbs bed sediments, the finest of which (silts and clays) remain in suspension and flow downstream while the coarser sediments, such as sands and small gravels, settle out below the redd near the tailspill (Figure 2, Quinn, 2005). The quantity of streambed material moved during spawning can be substantial, rivaling spring freshet when spawning populations are high (Poirier, 2004;Hassan et al, 2008). …”

Section: Pacific Salmon Mdn and Redd Creationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Salmon play an important role in the ecology of their natal streams as demonstrated by investigations on the influence of redd creation on fine and coarse sediment movement (Kondolf, 2000;Hassan et al, 2008), streambed stability (Montgomery et al, 1996), and habitat maintenance (Poirier, 2004). The influence salmon have on the channel bed and the biota it supports is significant, prompting some researchers to refer to salmon as "ecosystem engineers" (Schindler et al, 2003).…”

Section: Nitrogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The flocculation feedback loop: Delivery of marine derived nutrients in Pacific salmon streams.

Rex¹

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Section: Pacific Salmon Mdn and Redd Creationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nitrogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

The flocculation feedback loop: Delivery of marine derived nutrients in Pacific salmon streams.

Rex¹

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“…............................ 80 Table 5 -Calculations of transport rates through three reaches in the Stuart-Takla Watersheds. Cut/Fill Volumes are taken from morphological estimates made by Poirier (2000). Morphological Step Lengths and Tracer Step Lengths provide two estimates of transport distances within the reach.…”

Section: List Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At O'Ne-ell Creek, for instance, studies have indicated that a substantial portion of the bed is disturbed even in lesser flood events (Gottesfeld, 1998;Poirier, 2000). At flood stage, readings from the BMD indicate mostly finer material in motion, with the sporadic passage of cobbles.…”

Section: Multi-phase Models Of Transportmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The density of surveyed sections employed depends on the purpose and scale of the investigation and practical considerations. For instance, Poirier (2000) developed a methodology for fine-scale topographic measurements and volume estimation, taking repetitive surveys at an average density of 4 points per square meter along several 50 m channel reaches. Lane et al (1994) recommend at least 3.5 points per m 2 to detect the subtler morphological changes within a stream reach.…”

Section: Morphological Estimatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The UNBC bedload movement detector: calibration, initial results and analysis

Tunnicliffe¹

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Does small-bodied salmon spawning activity enhance streambed mobility?

2015

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Female salmonids bury and lay their eggs in streambeds by digging a pit, which is then covered with sediment from a second pit that is dug immediately upstream. The spawning process alters streambed topography, winnows fine sediment, and mixes sediment in the active layer. The resulting egg nests (redds) contain coarser and looser sediments than those of unspawned streambed areas, and display a dune-like shape with an amplitude and length that vary with fish size, substrate conditions, and flow conditions. Redds increase local bed surface roughness (<10 21 channel width, W), but may reduce the size of macro bedforms by eroding reach-scale topography (10 0 -10 1 W). Research has suggested that spawning may increase flow resistance due to redd form drag, resulting in lower grain shear stress and less particle mobility. Spawning, also prevents streambed armoring by mixing surface and subsurface material, potentially increasing particle mobility. Here we use two-dimensional hydraulic modeling with detailed prespawning and postspawning bathymetries and field observations to test the effect of spawning by small-bodied salmonids on sediment transport. Our results show that topographical roughness from small salmon redds has negligible effects on shear stress at the reach-unit scale, and limited effects at the local scale. Conversely, results indicate sediment mixing reduces armoring and enhances sediment mobility, which increases potential bed load transport by subsequent floods. River restoration in fish-bearing streams should take into consideration the effects of redd excavation on channel stability. This is particularly important for streams that historically supported salmonids and are the focus of habitat restoration actions.

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The effects of floods and sockeye salmon on streambed morphology.

Cited by 8 publications

References 45 publications

The flocculation feedback loop: Delivery of marine derived nutrients in Pacific salmon streams.

The flocculation feedback loop: Delivery of marine derived nutrients in Pacific salmon streams.

The UNBC bedload movement detector: calibration, initial results and analysis

Does small-bodied salmon spawning activity enhance streambed mobility?

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