The flocculation feedback loop: Delivery of marine derived nutrients in Pacific salmon streams.

The Salmon Disturbance Regime: Effects on Biofilm, Sediment and Water.

“…This resuspended sediment, which includes gravel bed aggregated particles, has been demonstrated to form in-stream flocculated particles when exposed to MDNs (Rex, 2009 proposed by Rex and Petticrew (2008).…”

“…Section is represented using different symbols while the sampling period representative by different error bars line styles. Means ± 1 SEM 51 2.15 Schematic of a potential mechanism of marine derived nutrient (MDN) enrichment of the downstream section via the flocculation feedback loop (Rex, 2009) 54…”

“…The flocculation feedback loop proposed by Rex (2009) elucidated that the temporal overlap between redd construction with increased suspended sediment levels and salmon die-off with increased salmon decay products in the water column provided ideal conditions for flocculation. The formation of floes within salmon-bearing streams due to salmon redd construction is well documented (Petticrew and Arocena, 2003;Petticrew and Rex, 2006).…”

“…Samples were gently mixed and poured into the LISST sample chamber to prevent the formation of air bubbles. Rex (2009) identified that bulk samples of sediments are more easily collected than water column aggregates and can reflect particle sizes distribution shifts in the water column. Three subsamples from each infiltration bag were collected and averaged to account for any potential variability associated with LISST sampling (Williams et al, 2007).…”