The effects of fat distribution and some adipokines on insulin resistance

Güldiken, Sibel; Tunçbilek, Nermin; Demir, Ahmet Muzaffer; Polat, Ahmet Veysel; Bilir, Bülent

doi:10.5603/ep.a2016.0023

Cited by 19 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…The interplay of pro-inflammatory and metabolic disturbances is pivotal in for developing insulin resistance and its ensuing morbidities (Bilir et al, 2016). DIO is associated with increased inflammatory markers (Hosseinzadeh-Attar et al, 2016) and perturbations of adipose secretory hormones (adiponectin, visfatin, resistin, and leptin) (Trayhurn and Beattie, 2001; Simons et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacological Action of a Pregnane Glycoside, Russelioside B, in Dietary Obese Rats: Impact on Weight Gain and Energy Expenditure

et al. 2018

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Background and purpose: Russelioside B (RB) is a pregnane glycoside obtained from Caralluma quadrangula; a herb with antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and antihyperlipidemic activities. The present experiment tested the possible role of RB in controlling weight gain in rats fed on high fat (HF) diet.Methods: RB was separated from the n-butanol fraction of the crude methanolic extract by chromatographic separation on a Si gel column according to the procedures described previously. The experiment of the biological assessment of RB used 32 male Wistar rats (4 groups, n = 8). Group 1 rats were fed with a palatable normal diet. Group 2, 3, and 4 were fed on HF diet for 16 weeks. Group 2 served as the HF diet control group while Group 3 and 4 received daily oral doses of RB (25 and 50 mg/kg) during the last four weeks. Animals’ parameters like weight gain, fasting level of blood sugar, serum lipids, and serum liver enzyme activities were measured. Liver or adipose tissue weight was divided by the rat’s body weight and multiplied by 100 to obtain the liver or adipose tissue index, respectively. Adipose tissues were processed for histopathological examination, measurement of mRNA expression of visfatin, leptin, adiponectin, uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1), and carnitine palmitoyl transferase-1 (CPT-1). Furthermore, serum levels of insulin, interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), leptin, resistin, and adiponectin were assessed using ELISA kits.Results: Rats fed with the HF diet exhibited significant body weight gain, abnormal liver function, disturbed lipid profile, and greater serum level of pro-inflammatory cytokines in addition to greater insulin resistance, adipose tissue and liver indices. Further, rats fed with the HF diet displayed upregulations in the expression of visfatin and leptin with downregulations in the expression of adiponectin, UCP-1, and CPT-1 compared to normal rats. Interestingly, RB (25 or 50 mg/kg) favorably modulated the measured parameters.Conclusion: Data from this study documented the beneficial role of RB in diminishing weight gain, improving the inflammatory perturbations and energy expenditure in HF diet fed rats. Therefore, RB might be a promising candidate for obesity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacological Action of a Pregnane Glycoside, Russelioside B, in Dietary Obese Rats: Impact on Weight Gain and Energy Expenditure

et al. 2018

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“…The anti-inflammatory adipocytokine adiponectin has been found to be closely associated with insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease [4][5][6][7]. Recent studies have suggested that the suppression of inflammation and upregulation of adiponectin may attenuate metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance [5,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mineralocorticoid Receptor Blockade Improves Insulin Sensitivity in the Rat Heart and a Possible Molecular Mechanism

Wang

Zhou

et al. 2016

Cell Physiol Biochem

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Background/Aims: Extensive research has explored the role of aldosterone in insulin resistance. Recent evidence suggests that the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) mediates aldosterone-induced dysregulation of cytokines, and most of this research has focused on adjustments in fat tissue and adipocytes. However, the direct effect of MR blockade on insulin resistance in cardiomyocytes remains largely unknown. In the present study, we investigated whether MR blockade improves insulin-sensitizing factors in insulin-resistant rats and attenuates the dysregulation of the aldosterone-related transport of adiponectin and glucose in cardiomyocytes and examined the underlying mechanisms. Methods: The effects of aldosterone, MR inhibitors (e.g., eplerenone), a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) α agonist, and a p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor on adiponectin and glucose transport were studied at the mRNA and protein levels in vitro and in vivo. Results: Our data revealed that aldosterone reduced the expression of adiponectin and inhibited the transport of glucose in cardiomyocytes and that MR blockade reversed these affects. In vivo, MR blockade improved insulin-sensitive parameters and increased adiponectin expression in the myocardia of high-fat diet rats. Furthermore, aldosterone promoted p38MAPK expression but negatively affected PPARα expression, and the downregulation of adiponectin by aldosterone was reversed by MR blockade, a PPARα agonist, and a p38 MAPK inhibitor. Conclusion: The above results suggested that aldosterone promoted insulin resistance in the heart and that this effect could be partly reversed by MR blockade through signal transduction in the P38 MAPK pathway and PPARα.

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“…This supports our study. Insulin resistance was also observed in prediabetic patients, which increased in parallel to waist circumference [25]. Pancreatic beta cell function as revealed by Matsuda index was significantly lower in mice of group T as compared to mice of group C by one month and worsened by five months of feeding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Insulinooporność poprzedza nietolerancję glukozy i hiperleptynemię u myszy C57BL/6J otrzymujących karmę wysokotłuszczową i zawierającą cukry proste

Bn¹,

D’Souza

Abraham³

2016

Endokrynologia Polska

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Introduction: Very few systematic studies are done during the onset and progression of metabolic syndrome in suitable animal models. In this paper we present the effect of High-Fat Simple Carbohydrate (HFSC) feed on the metabolic hormones in C57BL/6J mice to understand the sequence of events leading to impairment of glucose homeostasis. Material and methods: One-month-old male C57BL/6J mice were fed with control (C group) and HFSC (T group) feed (n = 30 each) respectively for five months. The glucose tolerance was studied by Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) whereas serum insulin and leptin were quantified using ELISA kits, and serum cortisol was quantified using CLIA kits. Results: Insulin resistance index and HOMA-IR levels were higher in the mice of group T as compared to age-matched mice of group C within one month and significantly higher after and five months of feeding. The total area under the glucose tolerance test curve (AUC) and the insulin curve (AUC ins) was found to significantly increase in the mice of T group as compared to the mice of C group as early as two months of feeding and was elevated after 5 months post feeding. Comparison of the Matsuda index revealed that pancreatic beta cell function was significantly lower in mice of T group as compared to mice of C group by five months of feeding. Leptin levels fluctuated during the 1 st -4 th month and by the 5 th month significant hyperleptinaemia was detected. There was no significant change in cortisol levels in mice of group T as compared to mice of group C after five months of feeding. Conclusions: HFSC feed induces insulin resistance by the first month and progressively impairs glucose tolerance, resulting in hyperleptinaemia by the fifth month in male C57BL/6J mice. (Endokrynol Pol 2016; 67 (6): 592-598)

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The effects of fat distribution and some adipokines on insulin resistance

Cited by 19 publications

References 23 publications

Pharmacological Action of a Pregnane Glycoside, Russelioside B, in Dietary Obese Rats: Impact on Weight Gain and Energy Expenditure

Pharmacological Action of a Pregnane Glycoside, Russelioside B, in Dietary Obese Rats: Impact on Weight Gain and Energy Expenditure

Mineralocorticoid Receptor Blockade Improves Insulin Sensitivity in the Rat Heart and a Possible Molecular Mechanism

Insulinooporność poprzedza nietolerancję glukozy i hiperleptynemię u myszy C57BL/6J otrzymujących karmę wysokotłuszczową i zawierającą cukry proste

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