The effects of farming system and fertilisers on pests and natural enemies: A synthesis of current research

Garratt, Michael P. D.; Wright, D. J.; Leather, Simon R.

doi:10.1016/j.agee.2011.03.014

Cited by 126 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The insect-pollinated shrub and herb species in the hedgerows provide pollen and nectar resources for pollinator insects, increasing local biodiversity and enhance crucial ecosystem services such as pollination within the agricultural landscape (Kleijn & Langevelde 2006;Rands & Whitney 2010;Kovács-Hostyánszky et al 2013). Furthermore, hedgerows are important over-wintering and nesting habitats for hoverflies (MacLeod 1999;Wratten et al 2003;Sarthou et al 2005;Garratt et al 2011).…”

Section: R Földesi and A Kovács-hostyánszkimentioning

confidence: 99%

Hoverfly (Diptera: Syrphidae) community of a cultivated arable field and the adjacent hedgerow near Debrecen, Hungary

Földesi

Kovács‐Hostyánszki

2014

Biologia

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A hoverfly (Syrphidae) community was investigated in a cultivated wheat field and the adjacent hedgerow near Debrecen (Hungary). We monitored the change of species richness and abundance of hoverflies along three transects in the hedgerow and in the wheat field in different distances (10 m, 20 m) from the hedgerow. The effect of sampling methods on the number of hoverfly species and individuals was analyzed. Two sampling methods were used to catch hoverflies: netting and pan traps. The whole sampling period was divided into three subperiods, which are early (22 nd April -2 nd June), middle (11 th June -1 st August) and late (6 th August -11 th September). Altogether 1,214 individuals of 22 species were sampled. Fourteen species with 78% of individuals belonged to the aphidophagous group, feeding on aphids as larvae. Altogether 861 individuals of 22 hoverfly species were sampled by netting and 353 individuals of 10 species by pan traps. The total number of hoverfly species was significant lower in the late period than in the early. The total abundance was higher in the middle period compared to the early. The species richness and abundance of aphidophagous species followed a similar pattern as the total species values. The species richness and abundance of hoverflies were significant higher in 10 m and 20 m distance in the wheat field than along the hedgerow. The results suggest that the pan traps were less efficient in the hedgerow than the netting, but in the wheat field they sampled more hoverflies because of visually alluring effect on hoverflies in the absence of flowers.

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Section: R Földesi and A Kovács-hostyánszkimentioning

confidence: 99%

Hoverfly (Diptera: Syrphidae) community of a cultivated arable field and the adjacent hedgerow near Debrecen, Hungary

Földesi

Kovács‐Hostyánszki

2014

Biologia

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“…While the above advances in understanding of the relationship between farming system, landscape and biodiversity are encouraging, we are just beginning to understand the relationship between such biodiversity and ecosystem services such as pollination, pest control, SOC storage or water quality maintenance [13,79,[93][94][95]. Under semi-arid conditions in California, Smukler et al [13] reported that environmental variables (including SOC, infiltration rates and dissolved organic C), associated with non-crop habitats on an organic farm explained the on-farm distribution of plant and soil taxa.…”

Section: Linking Biodiversity To Ecosystem Servicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Europe, after 30 years of the Swiss DOK trial, Birkhofer et al [19] found organic management enhanced soil quality, microbial and faunal decomposers and fostered natural enemies and biological control of aphids. Garratt et al [93] conducted a meta-analysis of pests and natural enemies as affected by farming systems and concluded that performance and abundance of all groups of natural enemies, except the coleopterans, consistently showed a positive response to organic agriculture. This impact was more pronounced at the farm than field scale and indicated larger-scale characteristics, including habitat heterogeneity on organic farms was facilitating natural enemies, in agreement with Krauss et al [78].…”

Section: Linking Biodiversity To Ecosystem Servicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Insect pest dynamics may also be significantly affected by N availability and intensity [4,93,119,120]. In potato production systems, Colorado potato beetle (CPB) (Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say)) is the most destructive defoliating insect pest in Canada and North America.…”

Section: Nitrogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Maine, Alyokhin et al [119] found CPB density was greater following full rates of synthetic fertilizers compared with when following reduced fertilizer rates combined with manure inputs. Garratt et al [93] concluded that pests respond differently to the type of organic fertilizer, specifically manure and composts, while natural enemies responded positively to all organic fertilizers. For further discussion of this 'mineral balance' hypothesis see Gomiero et al [4].…”

Section: Nitrogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental impacts of organic agriculture in temperate regions.

Lynch

Halberg²,

Bhatta³

et al. 2012

CABI Reviews

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Can organic agriculture elaborate a scientifically based, resource-efficient and agroecological approach to low-input farm management? This review examines the literature from temperate regions, with a particular emphasis on Canadian and US studies that relate to environmental and ecological impacts of organic agriculture with respect to (i) soil organic matter storage, (ii) soil quality/soil health, (iii) nutrient loading and risks of off-farm nutrient and agrochemical losses, (iv) biodiversity and (v) energy use and global warming potential. The context and implications of semi-arid conditions and low soil P levels, common to many organic farms in North America, and widespread adoption of genetically engineered crops in conventional production, is also considered. The consensus of the data available to date indicates the distinctiveness of cropping, floral and habitat diversity, soil management regime, nutrient intensity and use efficiency, and energy, and pesticide use in organic farming confer important environmental and ecological benefits. These include maintenance of soil organic matter and added return of carbon to soil, improved soil health, reduced off-farm nitrogen and phosphorus losses, enhanced vegetative and wildlife (bird) biological diversity, extended sometimes to other taxa depending on landscape context, improved support for pollinators and pollination and reduced energy use and improved energy efficiency. The continued evolution of organic agriculture to a more outcomes-based, agroecological production system will require an expanded multi-disciplinary research effort, linked ideally to support from consumers and policy-makers on the basis of renewed understanding of its potential contribution to global environmental sustainability.

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Crop‐pollinating Diptera have diverse diets and habitat needs in both larval and adult stages

Davis

Bickel

Saunders

et al. 2023

Ecological Applications

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Insects are important pollinators of global food crops and wild plants. The adult and larval diet and habitat needs are well known for many bee taxa, but poorly understood for other pollinating taxa. Non-bee pollinators often feed on different substrates in their larval and adult life stages, and this diet and habitat diversity has important implications for their conservation and management. We reviewed the global literature on crop pollinating Diptera (the true flies) to identify both larval and adult fly diet and habitat needs. We then assembled the published larval and adult diets and habitat needs of beneficial fly pollinators found globally into a freely accessible database. Of the 405 fly species known to visit global food crops, we found relevant published evidence regarding larval and adult diet and habitat information for 254 species, which inhabited all eight global biogeographic regions. We found the larvae of these

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The effects of farming system and fertilisers on pests and natural enemies: A synthesis of current research

Cited by 126 publications

References 53 publications

Hoverfly (Diptera: Syrphidae) community of a cultivated arable field and the adjacent hedgerow near Debrecen, Hungary

Hoverfly (Diptera: Syrphidae) community of a cultivated arable field and the adjacent hedgerow near Debrecen, Hungary

Environmental impacts of organic agriculture in temperate regions.

Crop‐pollinating Diptera have diverse diets and habitat needs in both larval and adult stages

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