The effects of external cues on individual and collective behavior of shoaling fish

Schaerf, Timothy M.; Dillingham, Peter W.; Ward, Ashley J. W.

doi:10.1126/sciadv.1603201

Cited by 91 publications

(130 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…This suggests that a shift in interaction rules, such as by changes in the environment, may alter the relationship between group speed and cohesion (see e.g. [28,29]). Individual speed also strongly drove the alignment and temporal coordination of the pairs, in line with previous empirical studies that found fast moving groups tend to be polarised and slow moving groups to be disordered [12,13,30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Group-level patterns emerge from individual speed as revealed by an extremely social robotic fish

Jolles

Weimar

Landgraf

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Understanding the emergence of collective behaviour has long been a key research focus in the natural sciences. Besides the fundamental role of social interaction rules, a combination of theoretical and empirical work indicates individual speed may be a key process that drives the collective behaviour of animal groups. Socially-induced changes in speed by interacting animals make it difficult to isolate the effects of individual speed on group-level behaviours.Here we tackled this issue by pairing guppies with a biomimetic robot. We used a closed-loop tracking and feedback system to let a robotic fish naturally interact with a live partner in real time, and programmed it to strongly copy and follow its partner's movements while lacking any preferred movement speed or directionality of its own. We show that individual differences in guppies' movement speed were highly repeatable and shaped key collective patterns: higher individual speeds resulted in stronger leadership, lower cohesion, higher alignment, and better temporal coordination in the pairs. By combining the strengths of individual-based models and observational work with state-of-the-art robotics, we provide novel evidence that individual speed is a key, fundamental process in the emergence of collective behaviour.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Group-level patterns emerge from individual speed as revealed by an extremely social robotic fish

Jolles

Weimar

Landgraf

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Nutrition and foraging ability influence shoal choice decisions, both from the perspective of the choosing fish and in terms of the social attractiveness of potential shoaling partners. For instance, hungry and foraging fish are less likely to shoal in general (Hensor et al, 2003;Hoare et al, 2004;Schaerf et al, 2017) and exhibit different preferences for shoaling partners relative to their well-fed counterparts (Frommen et al, 2007a). Fish also show a preference for well-fed conspecifics over their leaner, hungrier counterparts, potentially as a means of either gaining access to information from successful foragers, or to reduce competition by associating with less motivated foragers (Krause et al, 1999;Sumpter et al, 2008).…”

Section: Nutrition Competitive Ability and Dominancementioning

confidence: 99%

Social Recognition and Social Attraction in Group-Living Fishes

2020

Self Cite

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Social aggregation is a widespread and important phenomenon among fishes. Understanding the questions of why and how aggregations form and are subsequently maintained is a central goal for behavioral ecologists. Research in this field has shown that aggregations are typically structured, non-random associations. This indicates that fish are able to differentiate between potential group-mates and that this ability mediates their association preferences, and, ultimately, the composition of their groups. In this review, we examine the characteristics that influence the expression of social attraction among fishes, before going on to describe the recognition mechanisms that underpin social attraction. Finally, we highlight a number of outstanding questions in the field with a view to generating a more complete understanding of social aggregation in fishes.

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“…The modeling of a complex living system requires much attention considering the large number of components or active particles, the multiple nonlinear interactions, and the emerging collective behaviors [1][2][3]. The evolution of a complex system and the related global collective behaviors is usually driven by an external event (a predator for a swarm, an alert for a crowd of pedestrians, a vaccine for a tumor); see, among others, [4][5][6] and the references cited therein. Accordingly, a suitable modeling framework needs to take into account the nonequilibrium conditions under which a complex living system operates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Convergence Theorem for the Nonequilibrium States in the Discrete Thermostatted Kinetic Theory

Bianca

Menale

2019

Mathematics

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The existence and reaching of nonequilibrium stationary states are important issues that need to be taken into account in the development of mathematical modeling frameworks for far off equilibrium complex systems. The main result of this paper is the rigorous proof that the solution of the discrete thermostatted kinetic model catches the stationary solutions as time goes to infinity. The approach towards nonequilibrium stationary states is ensured by the presence of a dissipative term (thermostat) that counterbalances the action of an external force field. The main result is obtained by employing the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT).

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The effects of external cues on individual and collective behavior of shoaling fish

Abstract: We examine changes in interaction rules, predictability, and vigilance of x-ray tetras due to external food and alarm cues.

Cited by 91 publications

References 53 publications

Group-level patterns emerge from individual speed as revealed by an extremely social robotic fish

Group-level patterns emerge from individual speed as revealed by an extremely social robotic fish

Social Recognition and Social Attraction in Group-Living Fishes

A Convergence Theorem for the Nonequilibrium States in the Discrete Thermostatted Kinetic Theory

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