Group-level patterns emerge from individual speed as revealed by an extremely social robotic fish

Jolles, Jolle Wolter; Weimar, Nils; Landgraf, Tim; Romanczuk, Pawel; Krause, Jens; Bierbach, David

doi:10.1101/2020.06.10.143883

Cited by 9 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 28 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In order to show within-individual variability in movement speeds, we analyzed previously published data sets of individual movement for two different fish species Poecilia reticulata (Trinidadian guppy, [33]) , Poecilia formosa (clonal Amazon molly, [36])) as well as a biomimetic robot ('RoboFish', [3]). For the Amazon molly, we further included a data set in which groups of 4 fish were observed [38].…”

Section: Experimental Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The experimental data presented in this article was published in Jolles et al [33] (guppies and RoboFish), Bierbach et al [36] (single mollies) and Doran et al [38] (groups of mollies). In the following we summarize the setups of each study.…”

Section: Details On Experimental Setupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This replica was connected to a two-wheeled robot below the tank (see Fig. S1 of the SI in [33]). The robot was controlled by a closed-loop system whereby the movements of the fish were identified and fed back to the robot control.…”

Section: I1 Individual Guppy and Robofish Trajectoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, speed adaptation due to environmental factors or social interactions [2] -ignored in constant speed models -may play a decisive role in shaping the ability of groups to coordinate their movement and in the resulting structure of moving animal groups [32]. In fact, experiments demonstrated that speed influences the collective behavior strongly, via a coupling to polarization/alignment [28,27,25,3,33,32] which could also be shown on the local scale [28], i.e. regions in the shoal with faster fish are more polarized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, individuals in a group can differ in persistent behavioral traits (animal personality) which may induce between-individual variance in speed [35,3,36,37]). The inter-individual variability in preferred movement speed has been found to influence cohesion and polarization of groups [3,33], and it has been shown to decrease in larger groups [37]. However, already in behaviorally homogeneous groups, with individuals having similar preferred speeds, the instantaneous speed of single individuals will dynamically vary over time due to its direct response to social and/or environmental cues, as well as due to internal decision processes ("internal" fluctuations).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Impact of Variable Speed on Collective Movement of Animal Groups

Klamser¹,

Gómez-Nava²,

Landgraf³

et al. 2021

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The collective dynamics and structure of animal groups has attracted the attention of scientists from different disciplines. A variety of agent-based models has been proposed to account for the emergence of coordinated collective behavior from simple interaction rules. A common, simplifying assumption of such collective movement models, is the consideration of individual agents moving with a constant speed. In this work we critically re-asses this assumption underlying a vast majority of collective movement models. First, we discuss experimental data showcasing the omnipresent speed variability observed in different species of live fish and artificial agents (RoboFish). Based on theoretical considerations accounting for inertia and rotational friction, we derive a functional dependence of the turning response of individuals on their instantaneous speed, which is confirmed by experimental data. We investigate how the interplay of variable speed and speed-dependent turning affects self-organized collective behavior by implementing an agent-based model which accounts for both effects. We show, that besides average speed, the individual speed variability may have a dramatic impact on the emergent collective dynamics, as two groups differing only in their speed variability, and being otherwise identical in all other behavioral parameters, can be in two fundamentally different stationary states (polarized versus disordered). We find that the local coupling between group polarization and individual speed is strongest at the order-disorder transition, and that, in contrast to fixed speed models, the group's spatial extent does not have a maximum at the transition. Furthermore, we demonstrate a decrease in polarization with group size for groups of individuals with variable speed, and a sudden decrease in mean individual speed at a critical group size (N=4 for Voronoi interactions) linked to a topological transition from an all-to-all to a distributed spatial interaction network. Overall,

show abstract

Section: Experimental Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Details On Experimental Setupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: I1 Individual Guppy and Robofish Trajectoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Impact of Variable Speed on Collective Movement of Animal Groups

Klamser¹,

Gómez-Nava²,

Landgraf³

et al. 2021

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Shoaling behaviour in response to turbidity in three‐spined sticklebacks

MacGregor,

Ioannou

2023

Ecology and Evolution

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Many fresh and coastal waters are becoming increasingly turbid because of human activities, which may disrupt the visually mediated behaviours of aquatic organisms. Shoaling fish typically depend on vision to maintain collective behaviour, which has a range of benefits including protection from predators, enhanced foraging efficiency and access to mates. Previous studies of the effects of turbidity on shoaling behaviour have focussed on changes to nearest neighbour distance and average group‐level behaviours. Here, we investigated whether and how experimental shoals of three‐spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) in clear (<10 Nephelometric Turbidity Units [NTU]) and turbid (~35 NTU) conditions differed in five local‐level behaviours of individuals (nearest and furthest neighbour distance, heading difference with nearest neighbour, bearing angle to nearest neighbour and swimming speed). These variables are important for the emergent group‐level properties of shoaling behaviour. We found an indirect effect of turbidity on nearest neighbour distances driven by a reduction in swimming speed, and a direct effect of turbidity which increased variability in furthest neighbour distances. In contrast, the alignment and relative position of individuals was not significantly altered in turbid compared to clear conditions. Overall, our results suggest that the shoals were usually robust to adverse effects of turbidity on collective behaviour, but group cohesion was occasionally lost during periods of instability.

show abstract

Evolution of schooling drives changes in neuroanatomy and motion characteristics across predation contexts in guppies

Corral-Lopez,

Kotrschal,

Szorkovszky

et al. 2023

Nat Commun

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

One of the most spectacular displays of social behavior is the synchronized movements that many animal groups perform to travel, forage and escape from predators. However, elucidating the neural mechanisms underlying the evolution of collective behaviors, as well as their fitness effects, remains challenging. Here, we study collective motion patterns with and without predation threat and predator inspection behavior in guppies experimentally selected for divergence in polarization, an important ecological driver of coordinated movement in fish. We find that groups from artificially selected lines remain more polarized than control groups in the presence of a threat. Neuroanatomical measurements of polarization-selected individuals indicate changes in brain regions previously suggested to be important regulators of perception, fear and attention, and motor response. Additional visual acuity and temporal resolution tests performed in polarization-selected and control individuals indicate that observed differences in predator inspection and schooling behavior should not be attributable to changes in visual perception, but rather are more likely the result of the more efficient relay of sensory input in the brain of polarization-selected fish. Our findings highlight that brain morphology may play a fundamental role in the evolution of coordinated movement and anti-predator behavior.

show abstract

Group-level patterns emerge from individual speed as revealed by an extremely social robotic fish

Cited by 9 publications

References 28 publications

Impact of Variable Speed on Collective Movement of Animal Groups

Impact of Variable Speed on Collective Movement of Animal Groups

Shoaling behaviour in response to turbidity in three‐spined sticklebacks

Evolution of schooling drives changes in neuroanatomy and motion characteristics across predation contexts in guppies

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About