The Effects of Extended Working Hours on Health and Social Well-Being—a Comparative Analysis of Four Independent Samples

Wirtz, Anna; Nachreiner, Friedhelm

doi:10.3109/07420528.2010.490099

Cited by 40 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In addition to the traditional attitudes of female colleagues toward the male role, we also control for a number of variables which are demonstrated determinants of employees' health status in occupational stress research, in order to be able to estimate the importance of womens attitudes: High autonomy at work heightens psychological health (Karasek and Theorell 1990). Whereas extended working hours per week could lower psychological health (Wirtz and Nachreiner 2010). In different sectors of work, health status may be connected to specific levels and types of stressors: In the care-giving sector for example, workload may be higher than in the educational sector and therefore psychological health decreases.…”

Section: Traditional Attitudes Of Female Colleagues and The Psychologmentioning

confidence: 97%

When Male Norms Don’t Fit: Do Traditional Attitudes of Female Colleagues Challenge Men in Non-traditional Occupations?

et al. 2011

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Our study examined whether traditional attitudes of female colleagues toward the male role negatively impact the psychological health of German men in nontraditional occupations and whether these relationships are mediated by social stressors at work. Traditional attitudes are presented as a threefold concept: Attitudes of female colleagues toward male anti-femininity, status, and toughness were measured. One hundred and thirteen men and 174 of their female colleagues from eastern parts of Germany and working in the healthcare and educational sectors completed hard-copy questionnaires. We used bootstrapped regression models to test for direct effects, controlling for autonomy, working hours, professional tenure, and sector of work. Bootstrapping strategies were also used for the analysis of indirect effects, even considering controls. The attitudes of female colleagues toward male anti-femininity were directly related to heightened depressive moods and lowered job satisfaction. For the attitudes of female colleagues toward male status, or male toughness we found no such direct relationships. Only indirect effects of female colleagues' attitudes toward male status, or male toughness on men's job satisfaction through social stressors were found. The study provides theoretical reasoning and empirical evidence for the importance of female colleagues' attitudes and interpersonal conflicts at work for German men in non-traditional occupations.

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Section: Traditional Attitudes Of Female Colleagues and The Psychologmentioning

confidence: 97%

When Male Norms Don’t Fit: Do Traditional Attitudes of Female Colleagues Challenge Men in Non-traditional Occupations?

et al. 2011

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“…There is a well-established literature demonstrating the connection between shiftwork and disruption to sleep, circadian rhythms, performance, mood, social and family life, as well as increased safety risk (Åkerstedt et al, 2010a, 2010bCosta, 1996;Costa & Di Milia, 2010;Driesen et al, 2010;Hobbs et al, 2010;Lombardi et al, 2012;Ohayon et al, 2010;Rajaratnam & Arendt, 2001;Wirtz & Nachreiner, 2010). An increasing body of research is providing evidence for links between shiftwork and numerous serious health issues, including cardiovascular disease (Åkerstedt & Knutsson, 1997;Lowden et al, 2010); indigestion and gastrointestinal ulcers (Lowden et al, 2010); obesity, metabolic syndrome, and glucose intolerance (Chen et al, 2010;Lowden et al, 2010;Padilha et al, 2010;Tanaka et al, 2010); reproductive health problems (Nurminen, 1989(Nurminen, , 1998; and breast and other cancers (Davis & Mirick, 2006;Davis et al, 2001;Hansen, 2006Hansen, , 2010Schernhammer et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Alcohol Consumption Patterns of Shiftworkers Compared With Dayworkers

Dorrian

Skinner

2012

Chronobiology International

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The detrimental effects of excessive alcohol consumption are well documented. There is some evidence that shiftworkers consume more alcohol than dayworkers as a sleep aid to compensate for sleep difficulties associated with work schedules. This study investigated drinking patterns between shiftworkers and dayworkers using the 2006 and 2007 waves from the Household Income and Labour Dynamics Survey. A subset of workers who were not in full-time study and had a single job were selected; participants who did not drink alcohol (n = 2090) were excluded. Using the 2001 Australian Government alcohol guidelines, alcohol consumption for risk of short-term harm (7+ standard drinks for men, 5+ for women) was investigated. The number of workers who drank alcohol "nearly every day" or "every day" was also examined. Some 13% of shiftworkers and 10% of those on standard schedules reported consuming alcohol at levels risky for short-term harm. Having a child less than 17 yrs (odds ratio [OR] = .39, 95% confidence interval [CI] = .22-.69), higher job demands (OR = .71, 95% CI = .58-.86), being female (OR = .45, 95% CI=. 26-.79), and being older (OR = .89, 95% CI = .87-.92) significantly reduced, whereas being a shiftworker (OR = 2.10, 95% CI = 1.08-4.12) significantly increased, the odds of drinking alcohol in short-term risky levels. Nearly 10% of shiftworkers and 8% of those on standard schedules reported consuming alcohol in short-term risky levels at least weekly. Having a child less than 17 yrs (OR = .40, 95% CI = .22-.74), higher job demands (OR = .69, 95% CI = .56-.86), being female (OR = .28, 95% CI = .15-.53), and being older (OR = .92, 95% CI = .89-.94) were associated with a significant reduction in the odds of consuming alcohol at risky levels at least weekly. Being a shiftworker was not associated with a significant increase in the odds of consuming alcohol at such risky levels at least weekly, but a trend was evident (OR = 1.47, 95% CI = .73-3.00). Some 13.5% of shiftworkers and 21% of those on standard schedules reported consuming alcohol in any amount "near daily" or "daily." Working more hours than preferred (OR = 1.80, 95% CI = 1.12-2.89) and being older (OR = 1.10, 95% CI = 1.07-1.13) were associated with a significant increase, and being female (OR = .18, 95% CI = .10-.33), and being a shiftworker (OR = .20, 95% CI = .09-.45) were associated with a significant decrease in the odds of consuming alcohol "daily" or "near daily." Overall, the results suggest that shiftworkers may be more likely to consume alcohol at levels considered to be risky for health in the short term. In contrast, they appear less likely to drink alcohol daily. This pattern is suggestive of "binge drinking" behavior.

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“…Regarding occupation, the majority of the literature has focused on the profound ramifications of atypical work schedules on sleep timing and quality (see Boivin et al, 2007, for review). Individuals who engage in shiftwork (e.g., Åkerstedt et al, 2010b; Ohayon et al, 2010), have long work hours (e.g., Ferguson et al, 2010; Lombardi et al, 2010; Virtanen et al, 2009; Wirtz & Nachreiner, 2010), or adhere to early morning work start times (e.g., Åkerstedt et al, 2010a; Kecklund et al, 1997) tend to have shorter sleep duration, poorer sleep quality, and more daytime sleepiness than their counterparts with a daytime work schedule. Furthermore, chronotype and sleep timing appear to contribute to how well people adjust to these demanding work schedules (e.g., Gamble et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circadian Preference and Sleep-Wake Regularity: Associations With Self-Report Sleep Parameters in Daytime-Working Adults

Soehner

Kennedy

Monk

2011

Chronobiology International

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The aim of this study was to explore how interindividual differences in circadian type (morningness) and sleep timing regularity might be related to subjective sleep quality and quantity. Self-report circadian phase preference, sleep timing, sleep quality, and sleep duration were assessed in a sample of 62 day-working adults (33.9% male, age 23–48 yrs). The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) measured subjective sleep quality and the Sleep Timing Questionnaire (STQ) assessed habitual sleep latency and minutes awake after sleep onset. The duration, timing, and stability of sleep were assessed using the STQ separately for work-week nights (Sunday–Thursday) and for weekend nights (Friday and Saturday). Morningness-eveningness was assessed using the Composite Scale of Morningness (CSM). Daytime sleepiness was measured using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). A morning-type orientation was associated with longer weekly sleep duration, better subjective sleep quality, and shorter sleep-onset latency. Stable weekday rise-time correlated with better self-reported sleep quality and shorter sleep-onset latency. A more regular weekend bedtime was associated with a shorter sleep latency. A more stable weekend rise-time was related to longer weekday sleep duration and lower daytime sleepiness. Increased overall regularity in rise-time was associated with better subjective sleep quality, shorter sleep-onset latency, and higher weekday sleep efficiency. Finally, a morning orientation was related to increased regularity in both bedtimes and rise-times. In conclusion, in daytime workers, a morning-type orientation and more stable sleep timing are associated with better subjective sleep quality.

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The Effects of Extended Working Hours on Health and Social Well-Being—a Comparative Analysis of Four Independent Samples

Cited by 40 publications

References 8 publications

When Male Norms Don’t Fit: Do Traditional Attitudes of Female Colleagues Challenge Men in Non-traditional Occupations?

When Male Norms Don’t Fit: Do Traditional Attitudes of Female Colleagues Challenge Men in Non-traditional Occupations?

Alcohol Consumption Patterns of Shiftworkers Compared With Dayworkers

Circadian Preference and Sleep-Wake Regularity: Associations With Self-Report Sleep Parameters in Daytime-Working Adults

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