The Effects of Exercise Training on Plasma Volume Variations: A Systematic Review

Abstract

The aim of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence on the acute and long-term effects of exercise training on PV, in both trained and untrained individuals and to examine associations between changes in %PVV and change in physical/physiological performance. Despite the status of participants and the exercise duration or intensity, all the acute studies reported a significant decrease of PV (effect size: 0.85<d<3.45, very large), and ranged between 7% and 19.9%. In untrained individuals, most of studies reported a significant increase of PV in response to different kind of training including endurance training and high intensity interval training (effect size: 0.19<d<3.52, small to very large), and ranged from 6.6% to 16%. However, in trained individuals the results are equivocal. We showed that acute exercise appears to induce a significant decrease of PV in both healthy untrained and trained individuals in response to several exercise modalities. Moreover, there is evidence that long-term exercise training induced a significant increase of PV in healthy untrained individuals. However, it seems that there is no consensus concerning the effect of long-term exercise training on PV in trained individuals.

Bout duration in high-intensity interval exercise modifies hematologic, metabolic and antioxidant responses

“…Another indicator of differences in exercise stress, despite the identical total work, is PVC. Even though the exercise-induced hemoconcentration is multifactorial, 49 intensity seems to be important 50 ; in agreement with this, all HIIE trials presented higher PVC than CON. However, the reduction in plasma volume was greater in HIIE60 than in the other HIIE trials, reflecting greater exercise stress-related changes, similar to those observed after a 30-s sprint.…”

“…However, the reduction in plasma volume was greater in HIIE60 than in the other HIIE trials, reflecting greater exercise stress-related changes, similar to those observed after a 30-s sprint. 51 , 52 The large decrease in plasma volume during HIIE60 may be attributed to both hemodynamic (i.e., increase in blood pressure) and osmotic changes in working muscles (e.g., from lactate increase), 31 , 50 , 51 which are both indicative of the magnitude of exercise stress.…”

Plasma Volume Variations in Professional Soccer Players: Difference Between Pre- and Competitive Season

“…In order to optimize physical performance, previous studies are interested to control level of plasma volume among soccer players in response to the training (8)(9)(10).…”

“…Recently, the systematic literature review of Zouhal et al (9) suggests that long-term exercise training can also induce a significant increase of plasma volume (PV) in healthy untrained individuals. More specify, Kanstrup et al (11) observed that oxygen transport and VO 2max are linked to blood volume and hemoglobin (Hb) concentration.…”

“…The variation of PV and hematological parameters play a key determinate in the regulation of body fluids in response to physical exertion during training loads (12) or exercise (13). Indeed, a high level of Hb and hematocrit (Ht) is generally associated with an increase in the oxygen transport capacity in the blood and their viscosity respectively (9,14,15). The kinetics of variation of these hematological parameters can be partly explaining the variation of the training load adopted.…”