The effects of equivalence ratio on the formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and soot in premixed methane flames

Melton, T.; Vincitore, Antonio M.; Şenkan, Selim

doi:10.1016/s0082-0784(98)80001-5

Cited by 48 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The increase in fν occurred in a more sharply way in the experimental results obtained by Melton et al [17], D'Anna et al [12] and Hadef et al [18]. The last one used ethylene as fuel and the others two, methane.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 66%

“…Normalized fν values in function of the equivalence ratio (ϕ − ϕc) for the present study (x), in comparison to the results of [12], ( ), [17] ( ), [19] ( ) and [18] (o).…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 92%

“…Values of ϕ smaller than 1.5 are considered critical (ϕc) because there is virtually no soot, according to the literature [12,17]. Therefore, fν measurements were performed for ϕ ≥ .…”

Section: Behavior Of F ν As Function Of the Equivalence Ratio And Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A comparison of experimental results of soot production in laminar premixed flames

et al. 2015

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Soot emission has been the focus of numerous studies due to the numerous applications in industry, as well as the harmful e ects caused to the environment. Thus, the purpose of this work is to analyze the soot formation in a at ame burner using premixed compressed natural gas and air, where these quasi-adiabatic ames have one-dimensional characteristics. The measurements were performed applying the light extinction technique. The air/fuel equivalence ratio was varied to assess the soot volume fractions for di erent ame con gurations. Soot production along the ame was also analyzed by measurements at di erent heights in relation to the burner surface. Results indicate that soot volume fraction increases with the equivalence ratio. The higher regions of the ame were analyzed in order to map the soot distribution on these ames. The results are incorporated into the experimental database for measurement techniques calibration and for computational models validation of soot formation in methane premixed laminar ames, where the equivalence ratio ranging from 1.5 up to 8.

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 66%

“…Normalized fν values in function of the equivalence ratio (ϕ − ϕc) for the present study (x), in comparison to the results of [12], ( ), [17] ( ), [19] ( ) and [18] (o).…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 92%

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A comparison of experimental results of soot production in laminar premixed flames

et al. 2015

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“…They approximated the soot volume fraction growth by a first order expression with a temperature dependent rate constant. In addition, the amount of soot finally present varied with C/O ratio and also depended on temperature above 1500 K. Recently, Melton et al [8,9] investigated the effects of equivalence ratio (i.e. (fuel/oxidizer) ratio divided by the stoichiometric (fuel/oxidizer) ratio) on the formation of PAH and soot in premixed methane/oxygen/argon and ethane/oxygen/argon flames.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and artificial neural network modeling study on soot formation in premixed hydrocarbon flames☆

İnal

Tayfur

Melton

et al. 2003

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The formation of soot in premixed flames of methane, ethane, propane, and butane was studied at three different equivalence ratios. Soot particle sizes, number densities, and volume fractions were determined using classical light scattering measurement techniques. The experimental data revealed that the soot properties were sensitive to the fuel type and combustion parameter equivalence ratio. Increase in equivalence ratio increased the amount of soot formed for each fuel. In addition, methane flames showed larger particle diameters at higher distances above the burner surface and propane, ethane, and butane flames came after the methane flames, respectively. Three-layer, feedforward type artificial neural networks having seven input neurons, one output neuron, and five hidden neurons for soot particle diameter predictions and seven hidden neurons for volume fraction predictions were used to model the soot properties. The network could not be trained and tested with sufficient accuracy to predict the number density due to a large data range and greater uncertainty in determination of this parameter. The number of complete data set used in the model was 156. There was a good agreement between the experimental and predicted values, and neural networks performed better when predicting output parameters (i.e. soot particle diameters and volume fractions) within the limits of the training data. q

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“…Under combustion conditions Acetylene has been a rather difficult target species even tough techniques like Diode Laser Wavelength Modulation Spectroscopy (DL-WMS) [9], Infrared Polarization Spectroscopy (IRPS) [10,11], Gas Chromatography (GC) [12,13], GC coupled Mass Spectroscopy (GC/MS) [14,15], Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Spectroscopy (CARS) [16], Raman [17,18], Laser Induced Fluorescence (LIF) [19] or extractive Tunable Diode Laser Absorptions Spectroscopy (TDLAS) [20] were applied for C 2 H 2 detection in flames over the last years. Common drawbacks of these approaches are the need for sensor calibration or limitations regarding sensitivity, spatial or temporal resolution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ TDLAS measurement of absolute acetylene concentration profiles in a non-premixed laminar counter-flow flame

et al. 2012

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Acetylene (C 2 H 2 ), as an important precursor for chemiluminescence species, is a key to understand, simulate and model the chemiluminescence and the related reaction paths. Hence we developed a high resolution spectrometer based on direct Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (TDLAS) allowing the first quantitative, calibration-free and spatially resolved in situ C 2 H 2 measurement in an atmospheric non-premixed counter-flow flame supported on a Tsuji burner. A fiber-coupled distributed feedback diode laser near 1535 nm was used to measure several absolute C 2 H 2 concentration profiles (peak concentrations up to 9700 ppm) in a laminar non-premixed CH 4 /air flame (T up to 1950 K) supported on a modified Tsuji counter-flow burner with N 2 purge slots to minimize end flames. We achieve a fractional optical resolution of up to 5 × 10 −5 OD (1σ ) in the flame, resulting in temperaturedependent acetylene detection limits for the P17e line at 6513 cm −1 of up to 2.1 ppm·m. Absolute C 2 H 2 concentration profiles were obtained by translating the burner through the laser beam using a DC motor with 100 µm step widths. simulations using our new hydrocarbon oxidation mechanisms show excellent agreement in position, shape and in the absolute C 2 H 2 values.

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The effects of equivalence ratio on the formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and soot in premixed methane flames

Cited by 48 publications

References 12 publications

A comparison of experimental results of soot production in laminar premixed flames

A comparison of experimental results of soot production in laminar premixed flames

Experimental and artificial neural network modeling study on soot formation in premixed hydrocarbon flames☆

In situ TDLAS measurement of absolute acetylene concentration profiles in a non-premixed laminar counter-flow flame

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