The Effects of Eight Weeks High Intensity Intermittent Training and Blood Flow Restricted on Angiogenic Markers of Muscle in Male Runners

Alavi, Seyyed Yaser; Mirdar, Shadmehr

doi:10.29252/aassjournal.840

Cited by 1 publication

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References 32 publications

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“…However, previous work comparing the MBF of young and older men with measurements of muscle capillarization via muscle biopsies has shown an age-related decline in MBF, despite no corresponding reduction in capillarization [ 28 ], implying that age-related impairment in this regard is functional rather than structural. This does not preclude increased capillarization being a mechanism behind our observed increases in MBF responsiveness following HIIT, as angiogenesis has been demonstrated in young [ 29 ] and older [ 23 ] adults following exercise training, including HIIT [ 1 ]. This assertion may also be supported by a previous observational study of 23 healthy middle-aged adults which performed resting CEUS measurements of MBV in the vastus lateralis , before taking biopsies of the same muscle for histological analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Six weeks of high-intensity interval training enhances contractile activity induced vascular reactivity and skeletal muscle perfusion in older adults

et al. 2021

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Impairments in muscle microvascular function are associated with the pathogenesis of sarcopenia and cardiovascular disease. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is an intervention by which a myriad of beneficial skeletal muscle/cardiovascular adaptations have been reported across age, including capillarisation and improved endothelial function. Herein, we hypothesised that HIIT would enhance muscle microvascular blood flow and vascular reactivity to acute contractile activity in older adults, reflecting HIIT-induced vascular remodelling. In a randomised controlled-trial, twenty-five healthy older adults aged 65–85 years (mean BMI 27.0) were randomised to 6-week HIIT or a no-intervention control period of an equal duration. Measures of microvascular responses to a single bout of muscle contractions (i.e. knee extensions) were made in the m. vastus lateralis using contrast-enhanced ultrasound during a continuous intravenous infusion of Sonovue™ contrast agent, before and after the intervention period, with concomitant assessments of cardiorespiratory fitness and resting blood pressure. HIIT led to improvements in anaerobic threshold (13.2 ± 3.4 vs. 15.3 ± 3.8 ml/kg/min, P < 0.001), dynamic exercise capacity (145 ± 60 vs. 159 ± 59 W, P < 0.001) and resting (systolic) blood pressure (142 ± 15 vs. 133 ± 11 mmHg, P < 0.01). Notably, HIIT elicited significant increases in microvascular blood flow responses to acute contractile activity (1.8 ± 0.63 vs. 2.3 ± 0.8 (arbitrary contrast units (AU), P < 0.01)), with no change in any of these parameters observed in the control group. Six weeks HIIT improves skeletal muscle microvascular responsiveness to acute contractile activity in the form of active hyperaemia-induced by a single bout of resistance exercise. These findings likely reflect reports of enhanced large vessel distensibility, improved endothelial function, and muscle capillarisation following HIIT. Moreover, our findings illustrate that HIIT may be effective in mitigating deleterious alterations in muscle microvascular mediated aspects of sarcopenia.

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