Six weeks of high-intensity interval training enhances contractile activity induced vascular reactivity and skeletal muscle perfusion in older adults

Herrod, Philip; Atherton, Philip J.; Smith, Kenneth; Williams, John P.; Lund, Jonathan N.; Piasecki, Mathew

doi:10.1007/s11357-021-00463-6

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 66 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Research supports HIIT as an effective and time-efficient exercise programme for improving cardiovascular and cardiorespiratory fitness characteristics in older adults, attaining similar results to traditional MICT despite a lower training volume [ 27 ]. However, HIIT may have additional effects on the initiation of a traditional exercise intervention on sedentary or untrained older adults [ 28 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is some evidence that HIIT, through excursions into intensities higher than the anaerobic threshold, has an effect on anaerobic capacity. In a randomized controlled trial [ 27 ], a 6-week HIIT intervention on healthy older adults aged 65–85 years resulted in significant increases in peak power (159 ± 59 vs. 145 ± 60 W, p < 0.001) and anaerobic threshold (15.3 ± 3.8 vs. 13.2 ± 3.4 ml∙kg∙min −1 , p < 0.001) measured using the ramped Bruce protocol cardiopulmonary exercise testing [ 36 ]. A related randomized controlled trial [ 37 ] showed significant increases in peak power from 2-, 4- and 6-week HIIT interventions in subjects aged 65–85 years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effect of High-Intensity Interval Training on Functional Movement in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Preserving physiological functional capacity (PFC), the ability to perform the activities of daily life, and the ease with which they can be performed, in older adults, defined for this study as ≥ 50 years of age, is an important consideration for maintaining health and independence through the ageing process. Physical activity, and exercise training in particular, has been positively associated with improvement in PFC. In addition to improving aerobic and anaerobic capacity, promoting and preserving functional movement as a component of PFC is an important goal of physical activity, especially for older adults. High-intensity interval training (HIIT), an exercise protocol where repeated bouts of increased intensity are interspersed with active or passive recovery periods, has often been studied as an alternative to traditional moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) exercise, where a continuous intensity is maintained throughout the exercise session. A large body of research has determined that both types of exercise programme are effective in improving measures of aerobic and anaerobic fitness in older adults. However, the effect of the two exercise modalities on functional movement has most often been a secondary outcome, with a range of observational techniques applied for measurement. Objectives The primary objective of this research is to systematically review and meta-analyse published studies of HIIT interventions that measured functional movement in older adults to conclude if HIIT is effective for improving functional movement. A secondary objective is to determine if there are significant differences between HIIT and MICT effect on functional movement. Methods A search strategy of terms locating studies of HIIT interventions, functional movement outcome measures, and older adult population samples was executed on seven digital databases. Randomized and pair-matched trials of > 2 weeks were considered for inclusion. Studies of participants with neurological impairment or studies using combined exercise modality were rejected. Standardized mean difference for functional movement outcome measures was calculated. A meta-analysis of the included studies and subgroups was performed along with study quality (risk of bias and publication bias) evaluation. Results A total of 18 studies were included in random effects model pooled analysis. Subgroup analysis of HIIT versus MICT on functional movement showed a trivial effect in favour of HIIT (ES 0.13, 95% CI [−0.06, 0.33] p = 0.18) and did not achieve statistical significance. However, HIIT showed a medium, statistically significant favourable effect on functional movement versus non-intervention control (ES = 0.60 95% CI [0.24, 0.95] p = 0.001). Further subgroups analysis using singular and multiple functional movement outcome measures showed similar results. Conclusion This meta-analysis indicates that HIIT interventions in older adults may be effective at promoting improvements in functional movement, though it is unclear whether HIIT is superior to MICT.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of High-Intensity Interval Training on Functional Movement in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Mounting evidence showed that resistance exercise (RE) improved skeletal muscle strength, muscle quality and mass, and physical function in middle‐aged and older adults 82–86 . RE increased microvascular blood volume and cross‐sectional area of type I and II fibres, especially type II fibre, which were the central characteristics of sarcopenia 84,87 . Compared with low‐intensity RE, moderate‐ and high‐intensity resistance training significantly enhanced skeletal muscle perfusion and muscle strength and mass.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[82][83][84][85][86] RE increased microvascular blood volume and cross-sectional area of type I and II fibres, especially type II fibre, which were the central characteristics of sarcopenia. 84,87 Compared with low-intensity RE, moderate-and high-intensity resistance training significantly enhanced skeletal muscle perfusion and muscle strength and mass. Appropriate prescription of RE served a promising and crucial treatment for sarcopenia.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Sarcopenia and cardiovascular diseases: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Zuo

Tang

et al. 2023

J cachexia sarcopenia muscle

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sarcopenia is an age‐related disease and is often accompanied by other diseases. Now, many studies have shown that cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) may raise the incidence rate of sarcopenia. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta‐analysis to investigate the prevalence of sarcopenia in patients with CVDs compared with the general population, defined as relatively healthy non‐hospitalized subjects. The databases of PubMed, Embase, Medline and Web of Science were searched for eligible studies published up to 12 November 2022. Two assessment tools were used to evaluate study quality and the risk of bias. Statistical analysis was conducted using STATA 14.0 and R Version 4.1.2. Thirty‐eight out of the 89 629 articles retrieved were included in our review. The prevalence of sarcopenia ranged from 10.1% to 68.9% in patients with CVDs, and the pooled prevalence was 35% (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 28–42%). The pooled prevalence of sarcopenia was 32% (95% CI: 23–41%) in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF), 61% (95% CI: 49–72%) in patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF), 43% (95% CI: 2–85%) in patients with coronary artery disease, 30% (95% CI: 25–35%) in patients with cardiac arrhythmia (CA), 35% (95% CI: 10–59%) in patients with congenital heart disease and 12% (95% CI: 7–17%) in patients with unclassed CVDs. However, in the general population, the prevalence of sarcopenia varied from 2.9% to 28.6% and the pooled prevalence was 13% (95% CI: 9–17%), suggesting that the prevalence of sarcopenia in patients with CVDs was about twice compared with the general population. The prevalence of sarcopenia was significantly higher only in patients with ADHF, CHF and CA compared with the general population. There is a positive correlation between CVDs and sarcopenia. The prevalence of sarcopenia is higher in patients with CVDs than that in the general population. With global aging, sarcopenia has brought a heavy burden to individuals and society. Therefore, it is important to identify the populations with high‐risk or probable sarcopenia in order to do an early intervention, such as exercise, to counteract or slow down the progress of sarcopenia.

show abstract

“…This technique relies on acoustic signals by intravenously infused inert gas microbubbles and allows calculation of microvascular blood volume, velocity, and flow (i.e., the product of volume and velocity). Changes in CEUS-derived microvascular muscle tissue perfusion have been reported following food intake [18,19], a single bout of exercise [20,21], exercise training [21], as well as the administration of various pharmacological agents [22][23][24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Type II Muscle Fiber Capillarization Is an Important Determinant of Post-Exercise Microvascular Perfusion in Older Adults

Betz,

Hendriks,

Houben

et al. 2023

Gerontology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

INTRODUCTION: Microvascular perfusion is essential for post-exercise skeletal muscle recovery to ensure adequate delivery of nutrients and growth factors. This study assessed the relationship between various indices of muscle fiber capillarization and microvascular perfusion assessed by contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) at rest and during recovery from a bout of resistance exercise in older adults. METHODS: Sixteen older adults (72±6 y, 5/11 male/female) participated in an experimental test day during which a muscle biopsy was collected from the vastus lateralis and microvascular perfusion was determined by CEUS at rest and at 10 and 40 min following a bout of resistance exercise. Immunohistochemistry was performed on muscle tissue samples to determine various indices of both mixed and fiber type specific muscle fiber capillarization. RESULTS: Microvascular blood volume at t=10 min was higher compared with rest and t=40 min (27.2±4.7 vs 3.9±4.0 and 7.0±4.9 AU, respectively, both P<0.001). Microvascular blood volume at t=40 min was higher compared with rest (P<0.001). No associations were observed between different indices of mixed muscle fiber capillarization and microvascular blood volume at rest and following exercise. A moderate (r=0.59, P<0.05) and strong (r=0.81, P<0.001) correlation was observed between type II muscle fiber capillary-to-fiber ratio and the microvascular blood volume increase from rest to t=10 and t=40 min, respectively. In addition, type II muscle fiber capillary contacts and capillary-to-fiber perimeter exchange index were strongly correlated with the microvascular blood volume increase from rest to t=40 min (r=0.66, P<0.01 and r=0.64, P<0.01, respectively). CONCLUSION: Resistance exercise strongly increases microvascular blood volume for at least 40 min after exercise cessation in older adults. This resistance exercise-induced increase in microvascular blood volume is strongly associated with type II muscle fiber capillarization in older adults.

show abstract

Six weeks of high-intensity interval training enhances contractile activity induced vascular reactivity and skeletal muscle perfusion in older adults

Cited by 7 publications

References 66 publications

Effect of High-Intensity Interval Training on Functional Movement in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Effect of High-Intensity Interval Training on Functional Movement in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Sarcopenia and cardiovascular diseases: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Type II Muscle Fiber Capillarization Is an Important Determinant of Post-Exercise Microvascular Perfusion in Older Adults

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About