The effects of different cycles of starvation and re-feeding on growth and body composition in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum, 1792)

Abstract

This study was designed to investigate the effects of starvation and re-feeding cycles on the growth performance and body chemical composition of Oncorhynchus mykiss juveniles. A total of 360 juveniles with initial mean weights (IW) of 8.46 AE 0.07 g (n = 360) were stocked into 400-L tanks in triplicate for each group, with 30 juveniles per tanks. The control group received regular feed, as is the common practice. The three other groups were periodically starved: 1 day starvation followed by 6 days re-feeding (S1), 2 days starvation followed by 5 days re-feeding (S2) and 3 days starvation followed by 4 days re-feeding (S3). The experiment lasted for 10 weeks, over the course of which the water flow rate was 4 L min À1 and the water quality parameters determined as: temperature 14.4 AE 1.1°C, oxygen 8.2 AE 0.4 mg L À1 and pH 7.5 AE 0.2. At the end of the study, S1 had the best growth performance (final weight, specific growth rate, average daily growth) of all test groups (P < 0.05). The lowest daily feed intake (DFI) and growth performance parameters were observed in S3 (P < 0.05), while protein efficiency ratio (PER), net protein utilization (NPU) and lipid efficiency ratio (LER) were higher in the S3 fish group than in the other groups (P < 0.05). Whole body protein and lipid contents were highest in S1 fish. The hepatosomatic index (HSI) and viscerosomatic index (VSI) were significantly different among groups (P < 0.05). Feed conversion ratio (FCR) was significantly lower in starvation groups S1, S2 and S3 than in the control (P < 0.05). Compensation coefficient (CC) values were higher than 1 in all starvation groups. The concluding indicate that rainbow trout exposed to 1 and 2 days of starvation in week cycles could achieve over compensation compared to the control. Additionally, partial growth compensation and improved feed utilization could be achieved in a starvation group within 3 days in a week, by beginning with the juvenile size over a 10-week experimental period.

Intermittent feeding induces compensatory growth of juvenile yellow mystus (Hemibagrus nemurus)

“…However, in a prolonged experiment, accelerated growth might dominate, as indicated by the CC analysis for the 2DPW and the 4DPW groups, but not for 1DPW. This value is considered proof of compensation growth, as observed in pikeperch, Sander lucioperca (Mattila et al, 2009) and rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Taşbozan et al, 2016). Bavčević et al (2010) reported compensation in body weight of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata), but not length, under restriction and refeeding cycles.…”

Rapid Evaluation Methods for Quality of Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Fresh Fillet Preserved in an Active Edible Coating

“…The analysis of such region provides information on vibrational modes associated with the molecular composition of different functional groups belonging to lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates [50]. In this study, the contribution provided by carbohydrates was not taken into consideration due to the negligible carbohydrate content in the trout muscle tissue [51]. The peak assignment is reported in Table 6.…”

Compensatory growth: Fitness cost in farmed fish and crustaceans

“…53,54 If biometrics cannot be conducted consistently, the determination of compensation coefficients could facilitate the determination of CG. [55][56][57] Compensation coefficient greater than 1 indicates compensatory growth, and it is calculated as follows:…”

“…CC=ΔT*ΔC −1 , where ΔT as the weight gain in deprived animals (g) divided by the number of feeding days and ΔC is the weight (g) in control animals divided by the number of feeding days. 57,58 The process of compensatory growth is still not completely understood, 24,59 but some mechanisms such as hyperphagia and improved feed conversion have been clearly identified as drivers…”

“…49 Similar results were obtained in Oncorhynchus mykiss after imposing 1 or 2 days of fasting per week for 10 weeks. 57 The restriction was extended to 20 weeks in Nile tilapia reared in biofloc condition, with complete compensatory growth in organisms subjected to a ratio of 6:12 and 12:36 days of fasting:feeding cycles. 55 Cyclical restrictions also highlight the importance of recovery time in the generation of full compensatory growth.…”