Abstract:In the present essay review, we bring some sociological reflections about the durable effects of the lockdown not only in tourism behaviour but also in society. In so doing, we pose some central questions oriented to understand the sense of new normality, where the social distancing marks human relations. We coin the term trivialisation of death to discuss the ideological dispositions revolving around the domestication of death. In parallel, a new debate around the idea of the tourist-gaze is amounted in the s… Show more
“…Collective trauma is a group-level cataclysmic event that strikes at the basic fabric of society ( Hirschberger, 2018 ). In the COVID-19 pandemic, individuals have faced multiple traumas, such as unemployment, isolation, and death, and the entire society has suffered from economic recession and a loss of population and resources ( Barbosa et al, 2021 ; Stanley et al, 2021 ). It is indisputable that the COVID-19 pandemic has become a collective trauma ( Holman & Grisham, 2020 ; Masiero et al, 2020 ).…”
Section: Theoretical Background and Research Modelmentioning
Although it is undeniable that the COVID-19 pandemic presented new threats and traumas for human beings, posttraumatic growth that took place after the struggle with this highly challenging crisis cannot be ignored. Therefore, based on the posttraumatic growth theory, the present research focuses on aspects of tourists' positive changes after the COVID-19 outbreak. A total of 1165 potential tourists from 197 cities in 31 provinces of China were analyzed using symmetrical and asymmetrical approaches. The results of the partial least squares test revealed the net effects of social support, psychological distress, and infection risk perception on the three dimensions of tourists’ posttraumatic growth, namely, travel risk aversion, social identity, and altruistic behavior. Fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis provided causal recipes for realizing posttraumatic growth, and necessary condition analysis supplemented the necessary antecedents. The implications of the findings and the paths for future research are also presented.
“…Collective trauma is a group-level cataclysmic event that strikes at the basic fabric of society ( Hirschberger, 2018 ). In the COVID-19 pandemic, individuals have faced multiple traumas, such as unemployment, isolation, and death, and the entire society has suffered from economic recession and a loss of population and resources ( Barbosa et al, 2021 ; Stanley et al, 2021 ). It is indisputable that the COVID-19 pandemic has become a collective trauma ( Holman & Grisham, 2020 ; Masiero et al, 2020 ).…”
Section: Theoretical Background and Research Modelmentioning
Although it is undeniable that the COVID-19 pandemic presented new threats and traumas for human beings, posttraumatic growth that took place after the struggle with this highly challenging crisis cannot be ignored. Therefore, based on the posttraumatic growth theory, the present research focuses on aspects of tourists' positive changes after the COVID-19 outbreak. A total of 1165 potential tourists from 197 cities in 31 provinces of China were analyzed using symmetrical and asymmetrical approaches. The results of the partial least squares test revealed the net effects of social support, psychological distress, and infection risk perception on the three dimensions of tourists’ posttraumatic growth, namely, travel risk aversion, social identity, and altruistic behavior. Fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis provided causal recipes for realizing posttraumatic growth, and necessary condition analysis supplemented the necessary antecedents. The implications of the findings and the paths for future research are also presented.
“…Since 2020, the COVID-19 has spread all over the world. It is not difficult to understand its severe impact on the tourism industry, and some scholars believe that the spread of the epidemic has changed travel behavior [87,88]. For China, there is still great uncertainty about the impact of the COVID-19 on China's inbound tourism in the subsequent stages.…”
Elucidating the correlation among tourism, CO2 emissions, and economic growth from a spatiotemporal standpoint is of utmost significance for the tourism industry responding to China’s “double-carbon” goal. This study expansively uses the bottom-up approach, Theil index, Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis (ESDA), and Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI) method to calculate tourism CO2 emissions (TE) at different spatial scales in China during 2000–2019, and based on the TE, we further analyze the spatial heterogeneity of the TE intensity (TEI) and examine the spatiotemporal effects of driving factors on TE increases. The results revealed that (i) China’s TE increased from 3714.06 × 104 t to 19,396.00 × 104 t, and the TEI declined from 47 to 9 g/yuan during 2000–2019. (ii) The high-TEI provinces varied from agglomerative distribution in the north by western region to scattered distribution in the eastern region. (iii) China’s TEI exhibited increasing spatial differences, primarily within regions during 2000–2009, which also distributed with both the global and local agglomeration in space before 2014, and since then, only the local agglomeration enhanced and characterized by diffusing low–low (L–L) agglomeration from the east to the central and west regions. (iv) The tourism industrial scale and the industrial economy exerted cumulative effects on TE increases, and the energy intensity and energy structure exerted reduction effects. The spatial structure played different roles on TE among the regions. Policy implications are also discussed depending on the study results.
“…Foreign tourists have been blamed for being carriers of the virus or disinterested persons who are insensitive to the disposition of health authorities. Interesting studies suggest that long-dormant racism against foreign or Asian tourists have surfaced in the West [4][5][6]. To this grim landscape, we must add the thousands of tourists stranded worldwide, some of them surviving without shelter, food or financial assistance.…”
COVID-19 has doubtless generated a great negative impact in the tourism industry. The measures disposed by governments to contain the virus included strict lockdowns and the closure of borders and airspaces, without mentioning the imposition of social distancing. As a result of this, thousands of tourists were stranded abroad, without food or financial assistance. The recovery of the industry is slow, and gradually Europe and the US have returned to a new normal. In Argentina, rather, things have become worse. At the end of June, President Fernandez disposed a new border closure that left thousands of Argentineans stranded again. This case report focuses on the testimonies, fears and expectancies of those stranded tourists.
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