The effects of corn oil on the amounts of cholesterol and the excretion of sterol in the rat

Gerson, T.; Shorland, F. B.; Adams, Yvonne L.

doi:10.1042/bj0810584

Cited by 72 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…First, the hypocholesterolemic effect regularly produced in man (25,26) is frequently not seen in animals. In the present study and others previously reported (21,22) higher plasma cholesterol values were often found in animals receiving unsaturated fat. Secondly, both thoracic duct chylomicra and the lipoproteins characteristic of the induced lipemias in animals usually studied in these experiments are quite different from those of human 8-lipoproteins.…”

Section: In Vivo Studiessupporting

confidence: 59%

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Effect of Fatty Acid Saturation on the Distribution of the Cholesterol Moiety of Very Low Density Lipoproteins*

Spritz¹

1965

J. Clin. Invest.

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The nonesterified cholesterol of each plasma lipoprotein fraction is in rapid exchange with that of red cells, liver, and other circulating lipoproteins (1-5). Although this dynamic equilibrium has been demonstrated in many species, including man, the factors determining the dynamics of this exchange and the resultant distribution of labeled cholesterol have not been elucidated. The present experiments, designed to test the possibility that the degree of saturation of the esterified fatty acids of lipoproteins could be such a factor, indicate that isotopic cholesterol associated with very low density lipoproteins composed largely of unsaturated fatty acids appears in other cholesterol pools more rapidly than that of saturated lipoproteins during both in vivo and in vitro equilibrations.traperitoneally in a small volume of 50% ethanol. The animals were exsanguinated 12 to 14 hours later and the very low density lipoproteins (< 1.019 fraction) harvested from their sera. This fraction from a safflowerfed animal was combined with one from an animal fed coconut oil and the mixture injected intravenously into a recipient rabbit. The fractions were selected so that in each study the cholesterol of one donor was labeled with C" and the other with tritium. The recipients were sacrificed 30 to 210 minutes after injection, and the ratio of the two isotopes was determined in the free and esterified fractions of their red cells, liver, whole serum, and < 1.019 and > 1.019 lipoprotein fractions. These isotope ratios were then compared to that injected. Changes in ratios were considered to indicate differences in dynamics of the cholesterol moiety of each type of lipoprotein. Each of these steps is discussed in more detail in the following paragraphs.

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Section: In Vivo Studiessupporting

confidence: 59%

“…The present study may provide an insight into the mechanism by which the ingestion of unsaturated dietary fat produces an increase in tissue cholesterol content (21)(22)(23). In at least one study in which this hypocholesterolemic effect was observed in rats (24), a fall in plasma concentration occurred as tissue content rose.…”

Section: In Vivo Studiesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effect of Fatty Acid Saturation on the Distribution of the Cholesterol Moiety of Very Low Density Lipoproteins*

Spritz¹

1965

J. Clin. Invest.

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“…In at least 5 of 11 patients excretion patterns were consistent with this explanation. However, we cannot rule out that excretion changes may have been due to alterations in transit time, to changes in bacterial flora, or to transitory changes in absorption or synthesis of cholesterol or bile acids.…”

supporting

confidence: 74%

“…1, locus A) or by increasing secretion of cholesterol into the intestinal tract (locus C); an increase in bile acid excretion could be due to a decreased reabsorptionof bile acids (locus B) or to an increased conversion of cholesterol into bile acids (locus E). The hypocholesterolemic effect of unsaturated fats might also be due to decreased synthesis of cholesterol (locus D) (10), or to a redistribution of cholesterol from plasma into tissues (loci F and G) (11)(12)(13). In our view, the present confusion has several possible origins: results obtained from various animal species may not be applicable directly to man; patients with different kinds of lipid abnormalities may not respond by identical mechanisms to diets containing unsaturated fats; experimental designs may have been inappropriate to resolve the problem; or the methods used to describe the various aspects of cholesterol metabolism may not have been sufficiently critical or precise.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of unsaturated dietary fats on absorption, excretion, synthesis, and distribution of cholesterol in man

Grundy¹,

Ahrens²

1970

J. Clin. Invest.

255

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“…22 However, Frantz and Carey, 23 reviewed by Jackson et al, 24 reported lower hepatic cholesterol content of humans fed corn oil compared to those fed hydrogenated coconut oil. In the present experiment, we observed a significant dietary cholesterol by fat interaction for the cholesterol mass of Pool A.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cholesterol metabolism in juvenile baboons. Influence of infant and juvenile diets.

Mott¹,

Jackson²,

McMahan³

et al. 1985

Arteriosclerosis

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The deferred effects of infant diets and the effects of juvenile diets on cholesterol metabolism were estimated in 83 baboons (Papio sp.) at 3.5 years of age. As infants, the animals were breast-fed or fed one of three formulas containing approximately 2, 30, or 60 mg/dl cholesterol. After weaning at 14 weeks of age, the animals were fed one of four juvenile diets high or low in cholesterol with saturated (P/S = 0.37) or unsaturated (P/S = 2.1) fats. Cholesterol absorption and cholesterol turnover were measured by fecal isotopic methods, and variables of cholesterol metabolism were estimated from a two-pool model. T he potential effects of infant diets on cholesterol homeostasis later in life have been the basis for a number of studies.1 Most manipulations of infant cholesterol intake did not affect serum cholesterol concentrations at later ages in experimental animals or in humans. However, breast feeding, as compared to formula feeding, produced delayed differences in the serum cholesterol concentration in rats, 2 in high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations in baboons, 3 and in serum cholesterol or HDL-C in humans.1 Neither the deferred effects of infant diets nor the immediate effects of dietary cho- Received August 1,1984; revision accepted February 22,1985. lesterol and type of fat on serum cholesterol and lipoprotein concentrations have been clearly explained in metabolic terms. This report describes the effects of prior infant diet, and of juvenile dietary cholesterol and type of fat, on variables of cholesterol metabolism in juvenile baboons and relates these metabolic variables to the serum lipid responses to diet described previously.

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The effects of corn oil on the amounts of cholesterol and the excretion of sterol in the rat

Cited by 72 publications

References 17 publications

Effect of Fatty Acid Saturation on the Distribution of the Cholesterol Moiety of Very Low Density Lipoproteins*

Effect of Fatty Acid Saturation on the Distribution of the Cholesterol Moiety of Very Low Density Lipoproteins*

The effects of unsaturated dietary fats on absorption, excretion, synthesis, and distribution of cholesterol in man

Cholesterol metabolism in juvenile baboons. Influence of infant and juvenile diets.

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