The Effects of Cognitive Behavior Therapy and Social Skill Training among Schizophrenia with Risk of Violent Behavior

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Schizophrenia is a condition in which people suffer from impaired ability to think, perceive, and show emotional responses and interact socially. Patients with schizophrenia can experience the risk of violent behavior (RVB). Psychotherapy is needed to deal with the problem. AIM: This study aimed to investigate the effects of cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) and social skill training (SST) on signs and symptoms of risks of violent behavior (RVB). METHODOLOGY: This study employed a quasi-experimental without a control group. The research samples used purposive sampling were 30 patients with symptoms of risks of violent behavior. Meanwhile, the measurement used the sign and symptom questioners of risks of violent behavior (Z = 0.791). RESULT: This study revealed that signs and symptoms decreased significantly (p < 0.05) from 10.45 to 5.41 after the respondents had obtained the CBT. Moreover, after the respondents had received CBT and SST, the sign and symptoms decreased significantly (p < 0.05) from 5.41 to 0.52. CONCLUSION: This study recommends that the combination of CBT and SST be administered to patients with schizophrenia with risks of violent behavior.

Intervensi Keterampilan Sosial Berbasis Kognitif dan Perilaku pada Pasien Skizofrenia : Scoping Review

“…Dari ketujuh artikel tersebut, lima penelitian dilakukan di Amerika Serikat (Browne et al, 2022); (Browne et al, 2022); (Buchanan et al, 2021); (Granholm et al, 2018); (Strauss et al, 2019)), serta masing-masing satu penelitian di Indonesia (Fitriani et al, 2021) dan Canada (Rajji et al, 2022). Seluruh penelitian merupakan penelitian intervensi dengan menggunakan desain penelitian enam diantaranya menggunakan RCT (Randomized Control Trial) (Browne et al, 2022;Granholm et al, 2022;Buchanan, et al, 2021;Granholm et al, 2018;Strauss eìt al., 2018;Rajji et al, 2022) dan satu Quasi-Experimental (Fitriani et al, 2021). Jumlah sampel pada penelitian bervariatif yaitu mulai dari 30 hingga 117 pasien.…”

“…Jumlah sampel pada penelitian bervariatif yaitu mulai dari 30 hingga 117 pasien. Seluruh populasi yang diujikan pada terapi CBSST dengan pasien yang didiagnosis skizofrenia dengan berbagai variasi umur yaitu pasien di atas 18 tahun (Granholm et al, 2018), 18-55 tahun (Browne et al, 2022;Buchanan, et al, 2021;Strauss et al, 2019) 18-65 tahun (Granholm et al, 2022), 23-59 tahun (Fitriani et al, 2021), hingga pasien lansia berusia lebih dari 60 tahun dengan skizofrenia (Rajji et al, 2022).…”

“…Intervensi yang di review pada penelitian ini bervariasi dalam hal (1) kombinasi CBSST (2) tempat pelaksanaan, (3) durasi pelaksanaan, dan (4) populasi. Dari ke tujuh artikel masing-masing memberikan intervensi tunggal CBSST (Fitriani et al, 2021), intervensi CBSST dengan strategi kompensasi CCT (Granholm et al, 2022) dan beberapa artikel memberikan intervensi CBSST dengan kombinasi pemberian oksitosin 36 IU intranasal (Browne et al, 2022;Buchanan, et al, 2021;Strauss et al, 2019) serta CBSST sebagai tambahan dengan pengobatan reguler (Rajji et al, 2022). Durasi intervensi CBSST yang diberikan dari berbagai artikel diantaranya 48 sesi selama lebih dari 24 minggu (Browne et al, 2022), 25 sesi selama 2 kali seminggu (Granholm et al, 2022), 4 sesi selama 30-45 menit (Fitriyani et al, 2021), 6 sesi dengan total 36 sesi selama 9 bulan (Granholm et al, 2018), 36 minggu dengan total 48 sesi dengan setiap 2 sesi perminggu selama 24 minggu (Buchanan et al, 2021), dan Intervensi CBSST selama 2 jam dalam 36 minggu (Rajji et al, 2022).…”

The Role of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in the Management of Psychosis

“…Eric Granholm et al noted that CBSST led to a reduction in negative and positive symptoms while increasing competence and social functioning in individuals who suffer from schizophrenia [ 15 ]. Nurlaila Fitriani et al, further, discovered that CBSST resulted in favorable changes in the signs and symptoms of patients with schizophrenia who are at risk for violent behavior [ 16 ], these changes enhanced patients' understanding of their symptoms and improved their ability to control their behavior [ 16 ]. However, the lack of a control group to compare the effectiveness of the intervention was a weakness of their study and justifies additional research in this aspect [ 16 ].…”