The effects of Cissampelos pareira extract on envenomation induced by Bothropsdiporus snake venom

Verrastro, Bárbara Ricciardi; Torres, Ana; Ricciardi, Gabriela; Teibler, Pamela; Maruñak, Silvana; Barnaba, C.; Larcher, R.; Nicolini, G.; Dellacassa, Eduardo

doi:10.1016/j.jep.2017.09.015

Cited by 17 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 30 publications

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“…Research evidence has revealed the presence of various phytochemicals with antivenom properties, which present a viable alternative source of accessible, safe, and efficacious therapies for SBEs, especially in rural settings [ 16 ]. Moreover, plant-derived extracts successfully inhibit and reverse snake venom-induced inflammation, haemorrhage, myotoxicity, and neurotoxicity [ 17 – 22 ], and some others are used as prophylaxis against SBE complications in case of a snakebite [ 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnobotanical Documentation, Phytochemical Screening, and Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Medicinal Plants Used to Manage Snakebite Envenomation in Mwingi West Subcounty, Kenya

Mokua

Mbaria

Maitho

et al. 2021

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Snakebite envenomation (SBE) is a life-threatening global public health problem affecting over 2.7 million persons annually, with a bigger burden lying in the developing world. Despite the successful management of SBE by antivenom therapy in conventional medicine, it is of low efficacy due to the diverse venom composition across snake types, which limits its usefulness. As a result, inhabitants of the sub-Sahara region, where SBE incidence is high, utilise medicinal plants as an alternative remedy for SBE. However, most plants have not been ethnobotanically documented and validated empirically and hence this study is needed. An ethnobotanical survey to document medicinal plants used to manage SBE in Migwani ward, Mwingi West Subcounty, Kitui County, was conducted between January and February, 2021. Ethnobotanical data were collected from 45 purposefully sampled respondents from Migwani ward using semistructured questionnaires, field walks, and oral interviews. In this study, 14 medicinal plants which are used to manage SBE were documented. Four plants with the highest Relative Frequency of Citation (RFC) (Entada leptostachya Harms-stem bark (0.58), Senna singueana-roots (0.53), Securidaca longipendunculata-roots (0.36), and Strychnos henningsii-stem bark (0.46)) were selected and extracted using water, methanol, and dichloromethane according to the standard procedures. Qualitative phytochemical analysis of the plant extracts and their cytotoxic effects on brine shrimp nauplii (brine shrimp lethality assay) was conducted according to the standard techniques. Qualitative phytochemical screening revealed the presence of anti-SBE-associated phytochemicals, such as alkaloids, saponins, tannins, phenols, and flavonoids, in the aqueous and methanolic extracts of the studied plant extracts. However, the tested phytochemicals were not detected in dichloromethane extracts of all the studied extracts. The anti-SBE effects of the documented plants could be attributable to these associated bioactive phytocompounds, which are synthesized by the studied plants and transfered to humans when consumed. Furthermore, the aqueous and methanolic extracts of Entada leptostachya and Senna singueana had high LC50 of >1000 µg/ml and were considered noncytotoxic. However, Securidaca longipendunculata had an LC50 of <1000 µg/ml and was considered slightly cytotoxic. Further empirical investigations to characterise the bioactive phytochemicals and their safety should be done.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%