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O processo inflamatório é resultante de uma resposta do organismo a uma lesão tecidual com o objetivo de restaurar a homeostase. Inicialmente ocorre o recrutamento e a ativação de leucócitos, mas com a remoção do agente agressor, a resposta inflamatória é programada para cessar, o que chamamos de resolução da inflamação. O presente estudo consiste em uma revisão de literatura sobre as abordagens terapêuticas nas doenças inflamatórias. Em que teve como critérios de inclusão: estudos em inglês, português ou espanhol, cujo o tema central fossem relacionados ao processo inflamatório ou ao tratamento farmacológico destes processos, assim fazendo parte do presente estudo 47 produções selecionadas. Os anti-inflamatórios não-esteroidais (AINEs) e glicocorticoides (GC) são os fármacos mais utilizados para tratar as doenças inflamatórias. Em geral, estas drogas são eficazes para conter o processo inflamatório, porém possuem muitos efeitos colaterais que trazem riscos aos pacientes. Deste modo, a busca por novos compostos que promovam a resolução da inflamação e tragam menos efeitos colaterais aos pacientes é um desafio para as pesquisas voltadas para a farmacologia da inflamação

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Cnidoscolus quercifolius, commonly known as “favela”, “faveleira”, “urtiga-branca”, and “cansanção”, is a plant that is native to the Caatinga biome. The species is extremely tolerant to adverse weather conditions and is of great importance for the population of the semi-arid region, as it has uses in afforestation, the recovery of degraded areas, sawmills, fuels, animal feed, and food production. In addition, the species is popularly known for its medicinal uses, and it has been scientifically tested for such purposes. The objective of the research was to compile updated information about the chemical composition, biological activities, and botanical characteristics of the species, in addition to information about its use in folk medicine. It was observed that C. quercifolius has a strong usage among people in the Brazilian Caatinga for ophthalmic and other medical conditions, including inflammation in general, scarring, and infections. Studies involving the species have shown its effectiveness as antinociceptive, cytotoxic agent, antioxidant, and insecticide, as also thanks to its anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, and repellent characteristics. Other tests have indicated that the vegetable oil from the seed is promising for food consumption. This work demonstrates that further investigations are still necessary to determine the chemical composition and the toxicological characteristics of the species in order to support subsidies for the possible development of new drugs. Such future investigations may include the isolation of its substances, an analysis of its pharmacological activities, and a deepening of the understanding of the mechanisms of action of its various plant products.

Coconut water is considered to be a natural isotonic drink and its marketing is gradually increasing. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the microbiological quality of the coconut water produced and bottled in the Northeast of Brazil. Products form ten industries from different states in the Northeast of Brazil were analyzed. The most probable number (MPN) method was used to quantify the coliforms. Samples showing positive for coliforms were seeded on ChromAgar Orient plates and the bacteria identified from isolated colonies using the automated system Vitek 2 (BioMérieux), according to the manufacturer's instructions for the preparation of the inoculum, incubation, reading and interpretation. The samples showed thermotolerant coliform counts between 6.0×10 2 and 2.6×10 4 MPN/100 mL. The presence of Klebsiella pneumoniae, Morganella morganii and Providencia alcalifaciens was observed. The implementation of preventive methods and monitoring of the water quality by the industries is required. Keywords: Natural isotonic drink; MPN; Microbiological quality. ResumoA água de coco é considerada uma bebida natural isotônica e sua comercialização tem aumentado gradualmente. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a qualidade microbiológica da água de coco produzida e engarrafada na Região Nordeste do Brasil. Produtos de dez indústrias de diferentes estados foram analisados. Para a quantificação de coliformes, foi aplicada metodologia de Número Mais Provável (NMP). As amostras positivas para coliformes foram semeadas em placas de ChromAgar Orient e, a partir de colônias isoladas, foi realizada a identificação bacteriana, utilizando-se o sistema automatizado Vitek 2 (BioMérieux), de acordo com as instruções do fabricante para a preparação do inóculo, a incubação, a leitura e a interpretação. As amostras apresentaram contagem de coliformes termotolerantes entre 6,0×10 2 e 2,6×10 4 NMP/100 mL. Foi observada a presença de Klebsiella pneumoniae, Morganella morganii e Providencia alcalifaciens. A implementação de métodos de prevenção e monitoramento da qualidade da água pelas indústrias é necessária. Palavras-chave:

Lippia sidoides Cham. (Verbenaceae) is a species often mentioned in traditional medicine due to the medicinal properties attributed to its leaves, which include antibacterial, antifungal, acaricidal and antioxidant. Several of these actions have been scientifically proven, according to reports in the literature; however, little is known about toxicological aspects of this plant. This work included studies to determine the chemical composition and toxicity tests, using several methods aiming to evaluate the safety for use of the aqueous extract of L. sidoides leaves, in addition, the anxiolytic effect on adult zebrafish was investigated, thus contributing to the pharmacological knowledge and traditional medicine concerning the specie under study. The chemical profile was determined by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry-HPLC/MS with electrospray ionization. Toxicity was evaluated by zebrafish, Drosophila melanogaster, blood cells, and Artemia salina models. 12 compounds belonging to the flavonoid class were identified. In the toxicity assays, the observed results showed low toxicity of the aqueous extract in all tests performed. In the analysis with zebrafish, the highest doses of the extract were anxiolytic, neuromodulating the GABAa receptor. The obtained results support the safe use of the aqueous extract of L. sidoides leaves for the development of new drugs and for the use by populations in traditional medicine.