The effects of blood pressure components on cardiovascular events in a Korean hypertensive population according to age and sex

Abstract

There is no known study regarding the usefulness of each blood pressure (BP) component based on stratification by age and sex for predicting cardiovascular (CV) events among hypertensive populations without chronic kidney disease (CKD) or diabetes mellitus (DM). This study was performed to investigate the association of BP components and CV events in a Korean hypertensive population according to age and sex. A total of 22,853 Korean hypertensive participants without CKD and DM were stratified into six groups according to age [40–49, 50–59, and 60 years or older] and sex. In each group, multivariate Cox proportional regression analysis was performed to reveal the associations of BP components [systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and pulse pressure (PP)] with CV events. The increase in PP and decrease in DBP were significantly associated with increase of CV events in males, but neither BP component was significantly associated with risk of CV events in females. When subjects were stratified by age and sex, an increase of SBP or PP was significantly related to the increased risk of CV events in 40's male group, and only the elevation of PP was significantly associated with increase in incidence of CV events in 50's male group, while a decrease in DBP was significantly associated with increased risk of CV events in older male group. In addition, there were no the significant associations with the incidence of CV events in MAP, after stratification according to age and sex. In conclusion, this study suggests that, in hypertensive populations, BP management may need to be performed after full consideration of age and sex.

The Mediating Role of Psychological Well-Being in the Relationship between Self-Care Knowledge and Disease Self-Management in Patients with Hypertensive Nephropathy

“…Risk factors include smoking, diabetes, high cholesterol levels, obesity, lack of physical activity, and unhealthy diet. These factors increase the risk for cardiovascular disease in hypertensive patients [ 4 ]; previous studies have suggested that uncontrolled hypertension increases the risk of coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, heart failure, stroke, and peripheral artery disease, as well as renal diseases such as kidney failure and comorbidities such as impaired vision [ 5 , 6 , 7 ].…”

Association between pulse pressure and ischaemic stroke in elderly patients with hypertension

“…Also, in our study, with the increasing PP, proportion of female was increased, but the HRs of PP predicting IS for female was lower than male. This might related to the pathological mechanisms for gender differences, which was closely linked to the presence or absence of estrogen 25. In addition, we have found a higher risk of IS in patients with smoking habit, history of diabetes, poorly controlled BP and those not taking antihypertensive drugs.…”

Effect of Heart Rate on Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Hypertensive Patients with Different Ages and Genders

“…The previous follow-up study of the Kailuan cohort in Tangshan City, Hebei Province found that resting heart rate (HR) was associated with all-cause death; the risk of all-cause death was the lowest when heart rate was 68-72 beats/min (bpm) and was the highest when heart rate exceeded 82 bpm (1). Compared with the normal population, the related risk was higher in hypertensive population when heart rate was > 80 bpm (2). The gender and age of patients with hypertension affected the prognosis of cardiovascular events (3), but whether it was related to heart rate was not clear.…”

“…Compared with the normal population, the related risk was higher in hypertensive population when heart rate was > 80 bpm ( 2 ). The gender and age of patients with hypertension affected the prognosis of cardiovascular events ( 3 ), but whether it was related to heart rate was not clear. This study conducted cohort follow-up of patients with hypertension and analyzed the impact of baseline heart rate level on major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with different ages and genders.…”