The Effects of Balance of Low Vision Patients on Activities of Daily Living

Jeon, Byoung‐Jin; Cha, Tae-Hyun

doi:10.1589/jpts.25.693

Cited by 16 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Vision is important for the development of postural reflexes 3 ) . A blind child develops abnormal postural reflexes and faulty motor patterns, leading to incorrect distribution of muscular force throughout the body 1 ) which precipitates postural and balance deficits 12 , 13 ) . For blind subjects, half of the normal sensory intake of the brain is lost 14 ) , disrupting the normal mechanism of neurological integration and disintegration, and preventing the formation of good postural habits 7 , 15 ) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of absence of vision on posture

et al. 2016

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Abstract.[Purpose] The visual system is one of the sensory systems that enables the body to assess and process information about the external environment. In the absence of vision, a blind person loses contact with the outside world and develops faulty motor patterns, which results in postural deficiencies. However, literature regarding the development of such deficiencies is limited. The aim of this study was to discuss the effect of absence of vision on posture, the possible biomechanics behind the resulting postural deficiencies, and strategies to correct and prevent them. [Subjects and Methods] Various electronic databases including PubMed, Medline, and Google scholar were examined using the words "body", "posture", "blind" and "absence of vision". References in the retrieved articles were also examined for cross-references. The search was limited to articles in the English language.[Results] A total of 74 papers were shortlisted for this review, most of which dated back to the 1950s and 60s.[Conclusion] Blind people exhibit consistent musculoskeletal deformities. Absence of vision leads to numerous abnormal sensory and motor interactions that often limit blind people in isolation. Rehabilitation of the blind is a multidisciplinary task. Specialists from different fields need to diagnose and treat the deficiencies of the blind together as a team. Before restoring the normal mechanics of posture and gait, the missing link with the external world should be reestablished.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of absence of vision on posture

et al. 2016

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“…To assess body balance, we used the TETRAX biofeedback system (Tetrax Portable Multiple System, Tetrax Ltd., Ranmat Gan, Israel). This system measures the postural sway on 4 force plates, one each for the toes and heels of each foot, and it is mainly used to evaluate the general stability (ST) of body balance and the fall risk index (FI) 14 ) . Increased values of these indices indicate that general instability and the chance of falling are proportionally elevated.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body balance under ametropic conditions induced by spherical lenses in an upright position

2015

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[Purpose] To investigate the changes in body balance under ametropic conditions induced by spherical lenses in an upright position. [Subjects and Methods] Twenty subjects (10 males, 10 females) of average age 23.4±2.70 years participated and they were fully corrected by subjective refraction. To induce ametropic conditions (binocular myopia and hyperopia), lenses of ±0.50 D, ±1.00 D, ±1.50 D, ±2.00 D, ±3.00 D, ±4.00 D and ±5.00 D were used. General stability (ST), fall risk index (FI), and sway path (SP) were analyzed through changes in synchronization of left/right and toe/heel, as measured by the biofeedback system, TETRAX. Measurement was performed for 32 seconds for each condition. [Results] ST increased significantly from +0.50 D-induced myopia and from −1.00 D-induced hyperopia as compared with corrected emmetropia. FI increased significantly from +4.00 D-induced myopia and from −1.50 D-induced hyperopia as compared with corrected emmetropia. In SP, which means a change of body balance, toe/heel was significantly greater than left/right in all ametropic conditions. SP of right/left synchronization was not affected by the side of the dominant eye. [Conclusion] An uncorrected hyperope may cause subjects to have a higher risk of falling than an uncorrected myope. Therefore, clinical specialists should consider the refractive condition, especially hyperopia, when analyzing body balance.

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“…It was stated that the risk of falling in elderly people was higher since they were not able to detect the environmental threats because of VF defects [11]. For those people having impaired vision, many vision-dependent activities and daily tasks are difficult or impossible to perform, reducing their ability to perform daily living activities and maintain independence, which has a negative impact on their quality of life [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Visual Field and Balance Function Alterations in Patients Who Underwent Dermatochalasis Surgery

Akıdan¹,

Çoban

Erol

et al. 2020

Journal of Ophthalmology

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Purpose. To compare perioperative visual field (VF), balance functions (BF), and changes in the other ocular parameters in patients undergoing upper eyelid dermatochalasis (DC) surgery. Methods. One hundred and fifty-eight eyes of 79 patients who underwent DC surgery were included in the study. The VF, BF, intraocular pressure (IOP), pachymetry (PM), macular, and optic nerve measurements were recorded. Measurements were repeated at postoperative month 1. The preoperative and postoperative ocular measurements and the balance data were compared. Results. Nineteen of 79 (24.05%) patients were male and 60 of 79 (75.95%) were female, while the mean age of the patients was 58.65 ± 7.38 years. There were statistically significant differences in terms of VF and macular thickness between the preoperative and postoperative values. The improvements in mean defect, standard loss variance, and mean sensitivity values of global VF parameters in both eyes were statistically significant after surgery. Central macular thickness, mean macular thickness, and macular volume decreased significantly in all eyes after surgery (p<0.05). Conclusions. Although a marked improvement was observed in VF and peripheral vision after surgery, no significant change was found in BF parameters including primarily falling risk. The significant change in the macular parameters was only remarkable, and we think that the decrease was due to subtle vasospasm. There is a need for further comprehensive studies including especially patients older than 65 with a view to understanding the effect of DC surgery on BF.

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The Effects of Balance of Low Vision Patients on Activities of Daily Living

Cited by 16 publications

References 20 publications

Effect of absence of vision on posture

Effect of absence of vision on posture

Body balance under ametropic conditions induced by spherical lenses in an upright position

Evaluation of Visual Field and Balance Function Alterations in Patients Who Underwent Dermatochalasis Surgery

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