The Effects of Ambiguity and Anxiety On Interviewee Verbal Behavior

Siegman, Aron Wolfe; Pope, Benjamin

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-015867-9.50007-1

Cited by 41 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Indeed, pauses were more frequent in the face-to-face condition in one study (Williams, 1978), longer in the nonvisibility condition of another (Argyle et af., 1968) and of equal length in both conditions in a third (Rutter and Stephenson, 1977). Filled pauses were more frequent in the nonvisibility condition of two studies (Kasl and Mahl, 1965;Siegman and Pope, 1972) and equally frequent in both conditions of a third one (Rutter and Stephenson, 1977). Finally, Rutter and Stephenson (1 977) recorded more speech disturbances in their nonvisibility condition than in the face-to-face condition, which is in accordance with the above formulated prediction.…”

Section: Synchronizing and Interaction Regulationsupporting

confidence: 87%

The elimination of visible behaviour from social interactions: Effects on verbal, nonverbal and interpersonal variables

Rimé¹

1982

Euro J Social Psych

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Section: Synchronizing and Interaction Regulationsupporting

confidence: 87%

The elimination of visible behaviour from social interactions: Effects on verbal, nonverbal and interpersonal variables

Rimé¹

1982

Euro J Social Psych

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“…Kasl and Mahl (1965), in an experiment concerned mainly with possible relationships between anxiety and speech disturbance and filled pausing, noted that, when subjects spoke to the experimenter at times when he was out of the room, they used proportionately more 'ers' and 'ums' than when he was in the room and visual communication could occur. Siegman and Pope (1972) reported a similar finding, and Moscovici and Plon (1966) also noted structural differences in speech. Subjects asked to converse back-to-back spoke in a more formal style than those who met face-to-face, using a higher ratio of nouns and connectives to verbs, as in written language.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 58%

The role of visual communication in synchronising conversation

Rutter

Stephenson

1977

Euro J Social Psych

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“…Speech rate and pauses seem to be strongly affected by virtually all emotional states (Pittam & Scherer, 1993;Siegman, 1987b), including trait anxiety and state anxiety (generally, speech pauses show a negative correlation to trait anxiety and a positive correlation to state anxiety, e.g., Kasl & Mahl, 1965;Siegman & Pope, 1972), as well as sad or depressed states (see above). As depression is characterized by habitual states of sadness and anxiety, one would expect to see the respective emotional speech rate changes in depression.…”

Section: Temporal Aspects Of Speech and Depressionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Vocal indicators of mood change in depression

Ellgring¹,

Scherer

1996

J Nonverbal Behav

112

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ABSTRAC~In the framework of a major longitudinal study of depressive disorders, 11 female and 5 male depressives were audio-video-recorded while speaking with clinical interviewers. For selected utterances during depressed and recovered mood states several voice and speech parameters were obtained, using digital analysis techniques. As predicted, the results showed that an increase in speech rate and a decrease in pause duration are powerful indicators of mood improvement in the course of therapy (remission from depressive state). In female but not in male patients, a decrease in minimum fundamental frequency of the voice predicted mood improvement. These effects are discussed with respect to neurophysiological, cognitive, and emotional factors that have been suggested in the literature as possible causes for the patterns of motor expression observed in depressives. The data also point to the urgent need to systematically study gender differences in depressive speech behavior.One of the major issues in the treatment of psychopathological disorder is the behaviorally based evaluation of progress in therapy. This problem is particularly troublesome in charting changes of mood during therapy of patients with affective illness. In general, mood evaluation scales and psychiatric diagnoses are used for this purpose. Unfortunately, neither of these approaches is entirely satisfactory, given the multiple sources of error, particularly in relation to patients' ability and willingness to communicate about their actual state and the difficulties in clinical inference of mood state on the basis of interview impressions. As a consequence, there has been renewed interest in the possibility of using objective behavioral This study is based on psychiatric interviews that were conducted as part of the Longitudinal Study on Depression at the Max-Planck-lnstitute for Psychiatry, Munich. The authors acknowledge the contribution of Rudolf Bildhauer and Thomas Klos, who performed the vocal analyses (as part of their theses in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a degree in psychology) and who contribUted to an earlier draft of this paper. Torn Johnstone and Marcia Smith provided valuable comments on the present manuscript.Requests for reprints should be directed to: Prof.

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The Effects of Ambiguity and Anxiety On Interviewee Verbal Behavior

Cited by 41 publications

References 29 publications

The elimination of visible behaviour from social interactions: Effects on verbal, nonverbal and interpersonal variables

The elimination of visible behaviour from social interactions: Effects on verbal, nonverbal and interpersonal variables

The role of visual communication in synchronising conversation

Vocal indicators of mood change in depression

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