The effects of airbags and seatbelts on occupant injury in longitudinal barrier crashes

Gabauer, Douglas J.; Gabler, Hampton C.

doi:10.1016/j.jsr.2009.10.006

Cited by 30 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…However, TBI and concussions remain a difficult injury to predict and diagnose. [1][2][3][4] With the development of computer science, finite element analysis is one way to investigate the head injury mechanisms to examine intracranial distributions of stress, strain and pressure. 3 Several studies using finite element (FE) analysis of the human head for investigating head injury impacts were discussed during the past several years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Finite Element Analysis of the Human Head Under Side Car Crash Impacts at Different Speeds

Deng

Chen

Prabhu

et al. 2014

J. Mech. Med. Biol.

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Mechanical response of the human head under a side car crash impact is crucial for modeling traumatic brain injuries (TBI) or concussions. The current advances in computational methods and the finite element models of the human head provide a significant opportunity for biomechanical study of brain injuries; however, limited experimental data is available for delineating the injury relationship between the head injury criteria (HIC) and the tensile pressure or von Mises stress. In this research, we assess human head injuries in a side impact car crash using finite element (FE) simulations that quantify the tensile pressures and maximum strain profiles. In doing so, five FE analyses for the human head have been carried out to investigate the correlations between the HIC measured in the dummy model at different moving deformable barrier (MDB) velocities increasing from 10 mph to 30 mph in 5 mph increments and the pressure and von Mises stress of the skull, the skin, the cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) and the brain. The computational simulation results for the tensile pressures and von Mises stresses correlated well with the HIC15 and peak accelerations. Also a second-order polynomial seemed to fit the stress levels to the impact speeds and as such the presented method for using FE human head analysis could be used for reconstruction of head impacts in different side car crash conditions; furthermore, the head model would provide a tool for investigation of the cause and mechanisms of head injuries once the type and locations of injuries are quantified.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Finite Element Analysis of the Human Head Under Side Car Crash Impacts at Different Speeds

Deng

Chen

Prabhu

et al. 2014

J. Mech. Med. Biol.

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“…However, most of these studies have focused on the injury levels of the front-seat passengers from the frontal or side airbags [5][6][7][8][16][17][18]. Moreover, studies on safety systems for rear-seat passengers have been conducted to analyze the benefits of seatbelts during accidents.…”

Section: Rear-seat Passenger Safety Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Cost–Benefit Analysis to Assess the Effectiveness of Frontal Center Curtain Airbag

et al. 2017

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Abstract:Several new varieties of airbags are under consideration for development. However, their commercialization decision must be backed by a positive Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) outcome. In this study, we propose a CBA framework for the frontal center curtain airbag, a newly designed safety system intended to reduce the injury risk of rear-seat passengers. The proposed CBA covers not only economic benefits of the producer but also the effectiveness in sustainable reduction of the fatal and injury rate. In this context, with accumulated field data on road traffic accidents, a forecasting method reflecting the reduced casualties and the market share of vehicle sales associated with frontal center curtain airbag is utilized. Our results suggest that the use of frontal center curtain airbags helps to reduce the number of casualties with a Maximum Abbreviated Injury Scale (MAIS) of 3 or above by 87.4%. Furthermore, both the initial market penetration rate and price of the frontal center curtain airbag significantly influence its socioeconomic benefits. By evaluating the effectiveness of the frontal center curtain airbag, our study can contribute to the decision making for its commercialization.

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“…It has been proven that the seatbelt will save the passenger's life if it used, and not using it in the same circumstances will lead to death [10]. 1220 (2022) 012044 IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1757-899X/1220/1/012044 2 Along with the seatbelts, airbags have shown a good protection of the occupant head [11]. Airbags have been demonstrated to reduce car accident mortality by 19% and reduce morbidity from facial fractures and chest injuries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of frontal crash in/without the presence of passive safety systems

Alexandru

Marius

Daniel

et al. 2022

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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The paper aims to debate on experimental retrieved accelerations from real crash tests, based on different scenarios, to enable assessment on driver potential injury. Scenarios included the presence of passive safety systems (e.g., airbag, seat belt) and test data are being processed to estimate the head injury criteria (HIC) followed by its correlation with abbreviated injury scale values (AIS). A dummy, average male resemblance, was developed in-situ and used in the experimental configuration. Signals were being acquired by few accelerometers disposed on the dummy’s head and thorax using a Pic DAQ system (DSD, Linz, Austria). Data processing and values of injury criteria underline the importance of passive safety systems proven HIC experienced a consistent decrease in the presence of both air-bag and seatbelt.

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The effects of airbags and seatbelts on occupant injury in longitudinal barrier crashes

Cited by 30 publications

References 14 publications

Finite Element Analysis of the Human Head Under Side Car Crash Impacts at Different Speeds

Finite Element Analysis of the Human Head Under Side Car Crash Impacts at Different Speeds

A Cost–Benefit Analysis to Assess the Effectiveness of Frontal Center Curtain Airbag

Dynamics of frontal crash in/without the presence of passive safety systems

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