The Effects of a Submerged Entry Nozzle on Flow and Initial Solidification in a Continuous Casting Bloom Mold with Electromagnetic Stirring

Fang, Qing; Ni, Hongwei; Zhang, Hua; Wang, Bao; Lv, Zean

doi:10.3390/met7040146

Cited by 37 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Consequently, there appears to be some uncertainty as to what should be the correct boundary condition in this situation: indeed, McKee et al [10] followed Moffatt [11] in initially assuming that both the normal and tangential components of the magnetic flux density are required as boundary conditions, only to ultimately just use the latter. Moreover, the fact that the expressions for the components of the Lorentz force for round billets [2,7] and for rectangular strands [3] have been cited and used on numerous occasions since, even up to the present day, [9,[12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] suggests that a resolution of the issue is timely.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To obtain adequate data for this, it may in practice mean using a Hall probe magnetometer to make measurements of the magnetic field at a point or points in the space between the outer surface of the steel strand and the periodic winding of the inductor on an iron comb, [2,3,7] or a Gauss meter [8,9] ; indeed, measurements acquired in the former way were used as the basis for prescribing the normal component of the magnetic flux density at the surface of the strand. However, some time later, and in a mathematically related problem, McKee et al [10] prescribed the tangential component in their model for particle tracking within a turbulent cylindrical electromagnetically driven steel melt.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On an Anomaly in the Modeling of Electromagnetic Stirring in Continuous Casting

Vynnycky

2017

Metall Mater Trans B

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Early, yet still often-cited, mathematical models for electromagnetic stirring (EMS) in continuous casting are re-examined and found to contain a surprising anomaly: the solutions obtained were not unique. Analysis for the case of a round billet under rotary EMS shows how to avoid this behavior, whilst still making use of the experimental data that motivated the original models. The relevance of this result for current-day modeling of EMS is highlighted, particularly in the context of modulated EMS.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On an Anomaly in the Modeling of Electromagnetic Stirring in Continuous Casting

Vynnycky

2017

Metall Mater Trans B

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“…In previous works, many flow‐related characteristics with M‐EMS are performed without considering solidification process. The influence of solidified shell growth on the fluctuation of slag‐metal interface is still unclear.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The force

F_{T}

in Equation is calculated by:

F_{T} = true{\begin{matrix} left \\ center 2 σ_{s - l} ρ_{m} C_{s - l} \nabla α_{k} / true(ρ_{l} + ρ_{s} true) f o r : s l a g (s) - m e t a l (l) int e r f a c e \\ center 2 σ_{s - g} ρ_{m} C_{s - g} \nabla α_{k} / true(ρ_{s} + ρ_{g} true) f o r : s l a g (s) - a i r (g) i n t e r f a c e \end{matrix}

where

σ_{s - l}

and

σ_{s - g}

are the surface tension coefficient for slag‐metal interface and slag‐air interface,

ρ_{l}

ρ_{s}

and

ρ_{g}

are the density of steel, slag and the air.

C_{s - l}

and

C_{s - g}

are the curvature of the slag‐metal and slag‐air interface.…”

Section: Mathematical Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considering solidification and curvature of bloom, Trindade et al reported the variation of shell thickness under M‐EMS. Recently, in a serious of works by Fang et al, a mathematical model coupling multiphase flow, solidification, magnetic field, and solute concentration is established to study the metallurgical differences between cases with and without M‐EMS, showing that the rise of current intensity will cause an increase of level fluctuation and segregation degree in the shell around the center of the wide and narrows sides. Then in order to alleviate level fluctuation, a four‐port SEN with diagonal installation is proposed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Large Eddy Simulation of Electromagnetic Three‐Phase Flow in a Round Bloom Considering Solidified Shell

Liu

et al. 2018

steel research int.

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A large eddy simulation (LES) model has been developed to simulate three‐phase flow, heat transfer, and solidification processes under the effect of M‐EMS. Through comparing the magnetic flux density, surface temperature, and growth of solidified shell with experimental results, the reliability of our mathematical model is proved. Results show that the ignorance of solidified shell will overestimate the velocity field and slag‐metal interface fluctuation, therefore the solidified shell should not be ignored. What's more, a distinct flow, which is characterized by a rotary flow from top view, and biased flow from front view, is identified through this model. An upward flow is formed due to this distinct flow, which can explain the imbalance morphology of slag‐metal interface, and the typical tornado‐like shape slag‐metal interface is vividly observed using this model; By contrast, without M‐EMS, the distinct flow can also be found near the injection end, but it makes little effect on the fluctuation of slag‐metal interface. In addition, a new indicator of ΔH is defined to investigate the slag‐metal interface fluctuation, and the deformation of slag layer is also predicted. The mathematical model is helpful for understanding the deformation of slag‐metal interface during bloom casting.

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Numerical investigation into flow and solidification behavior of billet continuous casting with and without mold electromagnetic stirring

2021

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Mold electromagnetic stirring (M-EMS) in the continuous casting process improves the metallurgical quality of the caster as it acts as a dendrite breaker and increases the heat transfer. In this study, a numerical model of molten steel flow and solidification of continuous casting billet caster is developed. Further, this model is coupled with M-EMS to investigate the influence of stirring on molten steel flow dynamics and solidification in the mold. The magnetic field calculations are performed in ANSYS Maxwell and computational fluid dynamics solver Fluent is used for flow field and heat transfer calculations. The fluid flow, temperature field, and solidification are investigated and compared with without M-EMS case. The results indicate that the application of M-EMS significantly changes flow dynamics in the mold. Strong swirl flow is dominant and a significant increment in tangential velocity is observed in the presence of M-EMS. High intense rotational flow about the strand center gives rise to the superheat transfer near the solidification front, which further enhances the temperature in this region and thereby decreases the solidification thickness in the M-EMS-affected zone

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The Effects of a Submerged Entry Nozzle on Flow and Initial Solidification in a Continuous Casting Bloom Mold with Electromagnetic Stirring

Cited by 37 publications

References 21 publications

On an Anomaly in the Modeling of Electromagnetic Stirring in Continuous Casting

On an Anomaly in the Modeling of Electromagnetic Stirring in Continuous Casting

Large Eddy Simulation of Electromagnetic Three‐Phase Flow in a Round Bloom Considering Solidified Shell

Numerical investigation into flow and solidification behavior of billet continuous casting with and without mold electromagnetic stirring

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