The Effects of 8 Weeks Yoga and Cardiac Rehabilitation Training on Interlukin-6 and High Sensitivity C-Reaction Proteins After Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract

Background: Coronary artery bypass surgery is a common method for coronary artery disease (CAD) treatment, which in turn activates pro-inflammatory biomarkers such as Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and high sensitivity C-reaction protein (hs-CRP). Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the effects of 8 weeks Yoga and cardiac rehabilitation training on IL-6 and hs-CRP after coronary artery bypass surgery. Methods: The subjects of this randomized control trial study consist of 20 male patients (40 - 75 years old) who experienced coronary artery bypass surgery. They were randomly assigned in cardiac rehabilitation training group (CRT, n = 10) and combined training group (Yoga-cardiac rehabilitation) (YCRT, n = 10). Plasma levels of IL-6 and hs-CRP were assessed at baseline and end of the study. The CRT group performed cardiac rehabilitation program with 60% - 85% of maximum heart rate for 1 hour three days a week. The YCRT group performed one session in between cardiac rehabilitation and Yoga training for 1 hour three days in a week. All subjects completed training sessions at the cardiac rehabilitation center of Shahid Rajaie Cardiovascular, Medical and Research Center in Tehran for 8 weeks. SPSS software was used for analysis. Covariance analysis was used to compare groups (P ≤ 0.05). Results: Despite a small decline in IL-6 (10.90 to 8.77 in CRT group, 9.87 to 9.40 in YCRT group (and hs-CRP (2.58 to 2.00 in CRT group, 3.67 to 3.13 in YCRT group), there weren’t any significant differences in IL-6 (P = 0.160) and hs-CRP (P = 0.234) levels between two groups. Conclusions: It could be proposed to add Yoga training to cardiac rehabilitation program after coronary artery bypass surgery.

Effects of Yogic Interventions on Patients Diagnosed With Cardiac Diseases. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…Two RCTs were performed on post CABG (coronary artery bypass graft) patients. The study by Fathollahi, Raghuram, and Grabara had male participants only (24,26,33), while the study by Pal (34) did not mention about gender. Tillin et al did not mention about the exclusion criteria of the study (27).…”

“…Most of the studies mentioned intervention provided to a yoga group by a certified yoga therapist/experienced yoga instructor. The study by Christa et al and Fathollahi et al did not mention about the instructor (26,28). All the trials were conducted either in the hospital (yoga clinic, physiotherapy department) or in a medical institute/university.…”

Pengaruh Latihan Pernapasan terhadap Pasien Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG): Literature Review

“…Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan oleh Fathollahi et al, tahun 2020 yaitu menunjukkan bahwa terdapat sedikit penurunan kadar inflamasi yaitu nilai IL-6 dan hs-CRP yang tidak signifikan (8).…”

“…Sebuah penelitian lain juga menyatakan bahwa peradangan memiliki peran penting arterisklerosis juga kadar IL-6 protein Creaksi sensitivitas tinggi (hs-CRP) memiliki peran pada fase akut peradangan. Selain itu pada pasien dengan penyakit jantung coroner yang telah dilakukan pembedahan dapat berdampak stress, gangguan fisiologis dan rawat inap yang berkepanjangan (8).…”