The effectiveness on health education to prevent nipple trauma from breastfeeding: a systematic review

Abstract

Objectives: to analyze the effectiveness on health education to prevent nipple trauma in breastfeeding compared to other interventions. Methods: systematic literature review was carried out in January 2019, according to PRISMA recommendations. The searches were conducted in Cinahl, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and in the references cited in the selected articles. The studies were assessed for quality and level of evidence according to the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE). Results: twelve studies were selected, all conducted at the maternities. The interventions were classified in two categories: health education on breastfeeding and the use of nipple covers. Health education on breastfeeding presents a moderate level of evidence on the prevention of nipple trauma. There is a moderate to high level of evidence on the positive effects of guaiazulene, gel or peppermint water applied in the postpartum period to prevent nipple trauma. Conclusion: health education on breastfeeding with clinical demonstration is an important strategy to prevent nipple trauma and requires more than one educational approach. The use of nipple covers requires some consideration, since they must be removed prior to breastfeeding. All interventions were conducted in the postpartum period, which points out for the necessity of clinical research to prevent nipple trauma in prenatal care.

Intervenções eficazes para tratamento de trauma mamilar decorrente da amamentação: revisão sistemática

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Telelactation with Increased Visibility During Pandemic Process

“…In order to initiate breastfeeding successfully, breast examination should be performed and breastfeeding education should be given, especially in the last trimester (Oliveira et al, 2020). It is emphasized that the role of midwives/nurses is crucial in breastfeeding education to give support in antenatal, maternity, and postpartum period (Swerts et al, 2016).…”

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Comparison of Lanolin and Human Milk Treatment of Painful and Damaged Nipples: A Randomized Control Trial

“…Researchers have shown that improper positioning of the infant on the breast increases the risk of developing painful and damaged nipples. Proper counseling about breastfeeding techniques, alongside continuous support from educated health care professionals, proved to be the most effective method for preventing damaged nipples (Gianni et al, 2019; Oliveira et al, 2020; Souza et al, 2020).…”