The effectiveness of pre- and post-zygotic barriers in avoiding hybridization between two snapdragons (<i>A</i><i>ntirrhinum</i> L.: Plantaginaceae)

Carrió, Elena; Güemes, Jaime

doi:10.1111/boj.12201

Cited by 13 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…Our results also confirm that small differences in the timing of flowering (Fig. ) can decrease gene flow via restricting the temporal window available for interspecific pollinations (Carrió and Güemes ; Melo et al. ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Our results also confirm that small differences in the timing of flowering (Fig. 3) can decrease gene flow via restricting the temporal window available for interspecific pollinations (Carri o and G€ uemes 2014;Melo et al 2014). The low strength of mechanical isolation detected between our study species (Table 3) also supports the results of previous studies that found this barrier to be especially weak in insect-pollinated species with loose pollen (including primroses), suggesting that such species may be unable to achieve the high precision of pollen transfer required to effect strong mechanical barriers (Armbruster et al 2009(Armbruster et al , 2014.…”

Section: Pre-and Postmating Contributions To Reproductive Isolationsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…Despite the crucial role of pre-and postmating isolation in the processes that generate and maintain species diversity (e.g., Nosil 2012), few detailed analyses of multiple reproductive barriers are available in plants (e.g., Lowry et al 2008;Scopece et al 2013;Brys et al 2014;Carri o and G€ uemes 2014;Melo et al 2014;Sedeek et al 2014), and none in heterostylous species. Even fewer studies focus on mechanical isolation (Wolf et al 2001;Kay 2006;Chen 2011;Brys et al 2014), and none has yet investigated whether heterostylous traits alter interspecific boundaries in distinctive, possibly asymmetric ways.…”

Section: S-morph L-morphmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Both morph‐ and species‐dependent asymmetries affect reproductive barriers between heterostylous species

Keller

Vos

Schmidt‐Lebuhn

et al. 2016

Ecology and Evolution

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The interaction between floral traits and reproductive isolation is crucial to explaining the extraordinary diversity of angiosperms. Heterostyly, a complex floral polymorphism that optimizes outcrossing, evolved repeatedly and has been shown to accelerate diversification in primroses, yet its potential influence on isolating mechanisms remains unexplored. Furthermore, the relative contribution of pre‐ versus postmating barriers to reproductive isolation is still debated. No experimental study has yet evaluated the possible effects of heterostyly on pre‐ and postmating reproductive mechanisms. We quantify multiple reproductive barriers between the heterostylous Primula elatior (oxlip) and P. vulgaris (primrose), which readily hybridize when co‐occurring, and test whether traits of heterostyly contribute to reproductive barriers in unique ways. We find that premating isolation is key for both species, while postmating isolation is considerable only for P. vulgaris; ecogeographic isolation is crucial for both species, while phenological, seed developmental, and hybrid sterility barriers are also important in P. vulgaris, implicating sympatrically higher gene flow into P. elatior. We document for the first time that, in addition to the aforementioned species‐dependent asymmetries, morph‐dependent asymmetries affect reproductive barriers between heterostylous species. Indeed, the interspecific decrease of reciprocity between high sexual organs of complementary floral morphs limits interspecific pollen transfer from anthers of short‐styled flowers to stigmas of long‐styled flowers, while higher reciprocity between low sexual organs favors introgression over isolation from anthers of long‐styled flowers to stigmas of short‐styled flowers. Finally, intramorph incompatibility persists across species boundaries, but is weakened in long‐styled flowers of P. elatior, opening a possible backdoor to gene flow through intramorph pollen transfer between species. Therefore, patterns of gene flow across species boundaries are likely affected by floral morph composition of adjacent populations. To summarize, our study highlights the general importance of premating isolation and newly illustrates that both morph‐ and species‐dependent asymmetries shape boundaries between heterostylous species.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Pre-and Postmating Contributions To Reproductive Isolationsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: S-morph L-morphmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Both morph‐ and species‐dependent asymmetries affect reproductive barriers between heterostylous species

Keller

Vos

Schmidt‐Lebuhn

et al. 2016

Ecology and Evolution

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“…functional chlorophyll, indicated by a white color. These levels of postzygotic RI are unusually high for within a species, and are comparable to or even higher than levels typically found in hybrids between species (Lowry et al 2008;Brys et al 2014;Carrió and Güemes 2014). In contrast to RI for viability traits (see also Galloway and Etterson 2005;Etterson et al 2007), RI for reproductive traits in C. americanum was relatively modest and only found for pollen viability.…”

Section: Patterns Of Rimentioning

confidence: 55%

“…; Brys et al. ; Carrió and Güemes ). In contrast to RI for viability traits (see also Galloway and Etterson ; Etterson et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Cytonuclear incompatibility contributes to the early stages of speciation

Barnard‐Kubow

Galloway

2016

Evolution

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Genetic incompatibility is a hallmark of speciation. Cytonuclear incompatibilities are proposed to be among the first genetic barriers to arise during speciation. Accordingly, reproductive isolation (RI) within species should be heavily influenced by interactions between the organelle and nuclear genomes. However, there are few clear examples of cytonuclear incompatibility within a species. Here, we show substantial postzygotic RI in first-generation hybrids between differentiated populations of an herbaceous plant (up to 92% reduction in fitness). RI was primarily due to germination and survival, with moderate RI for pollen viability. RI for survival was asymmetric and caused by cytonuclear incompatibility, with the strength of incompatibility linearly related to chloroplast genetic distance. This cytonuclear incompatibility may be the result of a rapidly evolving plastid genome. Substantial asymmetric RI was also found for germination, but was not associated with cytonuclear incompatibility, indicating endosperm or maternal-zygote incompatibilities. These results demonstrate that cytonuclear incompatibility contributes to RI within species, suggesting that initial rates of speciation could be influenced by rates of organelle evolution. However, other genetic incompatibilities are equally important, indicating that even at early stages, speciation can be a complex process involving multiple genes and incompatibilities.

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Microsatellites and petal morphology reveal new patterns of admixture in Orchis hybrid zones

Bersweden

Viruel

Schatz

et al. 2021

American J of Botany

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The genetic structure of hybrid zones provides insight into the potential for gene flow to occur between plant taxa. Four closely related European orchid species (Orchis anthropophora, O. militaris, O. purpurea, and O. simia) hybridize when they co-occur. We aimed to characterize patterns of hybridization in O. militaris-O. purpurea, O. purpurea-O. simia, and O. anthropophora-O. simia hybrid zones using molecular and morphological data. Methods: We used 11 newly isolated nuclear microsatellites to genotype 695 individuals collected from seven hybrid zones and six allopatric parental populations in France. Geometric morphometric analysis was conducted using 15 labellum landmarks to capture the main aspects of petal shape. Results: Backcrossing was asymmetric toward O. militaris in multiple O. militaris-O. purpurea hybrid zones. Hybrids in O. purpurea-O. simia and O. anthropophora- O. simia hybrid zones were largely limited to F1 and F2 generations, but further admixture had occurred. These patterns were reflected in labellum geometric morphometric data, which correlated strongly with nuclear microsatellite data in all three species combinations. Conclusions: The coexistence of parental and admixed individuals in these Orchis hybrid zones implies they are likely to be tension zones being maintained by a balance between gene flow into the hybrid zone and selection acting against admixed individuals. The pattern of admixture in the three species combinations suggests intrinsic selection acting on the hybrids is weaker in more closely related taxa.

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The effectiveness of pre- and post-zygotic barriers in avoiding hybridization between two snapdragons (Antirrhinum L.: Plantaginaceae)

Cited by 13 publications

References 81 publications

Both morph‐ and species‐dependent asymmetries affect reproductive barriers between heterostylous species

Both morph‐ and species‐dependent asymmetries affect reproductive barriers between heterostylous species

Cytonuclear incompatibility contributes to the early stages of speciation

Microsatellites and petal morphology reveal new patterns of admixture in Orchis hybrid zones

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