The Effectiveness of Okra Fruit (Abelmoschus Esculentus) on Fasting Blood Sugar and Total Cholesterol Level in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Background:Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia that occurs due to abnormal insulin secretion, insulin action or both. Complex disorders occur in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, involving various degrees of decreased beta-cell function, peripheral insulin resistance, and abnormal liver glucose metabolism. Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) is a plant that has an antidiabetic effect because of its efficiency in improving blood sugar control and lipid profile.Objectives:To evaluate the effectiveness of Okra fruit on fasting blood sugar and total cholesterol levels in type 2 DM patients.Settings and Design:This study used a quasi-experimental design with a nonequivalent control group approach with pretest and posttest in type 2 DM patients. Methods and Material:The number of samples was 30 respondents obtained by the consecutive sampling technique. Samples were divided into an intervention group and the control group. The intervention was given an okra fruit immersion water once a day in the morning for two weeks and blood samples were taken early before treatment and end of treatment. Statistical analysis used: Statistical analysis using T-test with a 95% CI value.Results:There were differences in the mean of fasting blood sugar levels before and after the intervention (pvalue = 0.000; α = 0.05) and the mean of total cholesterol levels before and after the intervention in the intervention group (p-value = 0.004; α = 0.05). Conclusion:Okra fruit has an effect in reducing fasting blood sugar and total cholesterol levels in patients with type 2 DM.

Okra ameliorates hyperglycaemia in pre-diabetic and type 2 diabetic patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the clinical evidence

“…Interestingly, this was accompanied by evidence of no heterogeneity (I 2 = 0%) (Figure 4). Thus, this leads us to conclude that heterogeneity in this meta-analysis was due to studies with low quality (ADAP et al, 2019;Haryati and Rahmawati, 2019;Khodija et al, 2020).…”

“…For the incomplete outcome data domain, all studies were considered a low-risk bias; for example, five (Labadnoy et al, 2017;Sarbini et al, 2019;Ziaee et al, 2019;Moradi et al, 2020;Saatchi et al, 2022) reported the number of patients who did not complete the treatment regimen due to unwillingness to continue with the study or loss of follow-up. In contrast, the other three studies (ADAP et al, 2019;Haryati and Rahmawati, 2019;Khodija et al, 2020) did not have any loss of patients throughout the study. In terms of the selective reporting domain, all studies (Labadnoy et al, 2017;ADAP et al, 2019;Haryati and Rahmawati, 2019;Sarbini et al, 2019;Ziaee et al, 2019;Khodija et al, 2020;Moradi et al, 2020;Saatchi et al, 2022) did not have a protocol published.…”

“…In contrast, the other three studies (ADAP et al, 2019;Haryati and Rahmawati, 2019;Khodija et al, 2020) did not have any loss of patients throughout the study. In terms of the selective reporting domain, all studies (Labadnoy et al, 2017;ADAP et al, 2019;Haryati and Rahmawati, 2019;Sarbini et al, 2019;Ziaee et al, 2019;Khodija et al, 2020;Moradi et al, 2020;Saatchi et al, 2022) did not have a protocol published. Therefore, it was difficult to judge whether there was a diversion from originally planned outcome measures and analysis; thus, they were judged as having an unclear risk of bias for this domain.…”

Antidiabetic vegetables presently traded in Sri Lanka's Vavuniya District

“…Nearly 15% of the vegetable species had clinically proven antidiabetic properties. Most investigations were conducted on Abelmoschus esculentus, Anethum graveolens, and Musa × paradisiaca (Haryati et al, 2019;Moradi et al, 2020;Islas et al, 2005;Haidari et al, 2020;Mobasseri et al, 2014;Rao et al, 2021;Nedic et al, 2012;Chaiyasit et al, 2009;Mahmoodpoor et al, 2018;Katare et al, 2013;Evans et al, 2014;Lintas et al, 1995;Edo et al, 2011).…”

Effectiveness of Peroxy Acetic Aacid (PAA), Perbicarbonate (PB) and Potassium Silicate (PS) on Okra Growth, Yield and Resistance to Powdery Mildew

“…The tender immature pods of okra are considered an affordable source of carbohydrates, proteins, fibers, vitamins, and minerals. Okra has several health benefits such as reducing blood cholesterol, promoting skin health, and stabilizing blood sugar level (Gemede et al, 2014;Haryati, 2019;Ardestani et al, 2020).…”