“…van den Berg et al (2004), Crépon et al (2018), including health economics (see a.o. van den Berg et al (2011), van Ours andWilliams (2012), Baert et al (2018)). Moreover, it is an implicit assumption in some standard static approaches, such as the Di↵erence-in-Di↵erence (DiD) and the Synthetic Control approaches.…”