The Effectiveness of Implementation Learning Media Based on Augmented Reality in Elementary School in Improving Critical Thinking Skills in Solar System Course

Abstract

This research aims to explore students’ critical thinking skills in Augmented reality-based learning media implementation on solar system lessons in elementary school. Critical thinking skills at the elementary school level are still relatively low due to the lack of application of learning media that support the improvement of critical thinking skills. Learning media is a very important part of learning. Research design compares modern classes (experimental classes) with control classes. Teaching using augmented reality-based learning media is carried out in experimental classrooms, while teaching is directly carried out in the control class. As a researcher using research and development methods with a qualitative approach to quasi-experimental research methods (pseudo-experiments) with pure experimental design, namely Pre-test Post-test Control Design. It can be known that the value of significance in this study is 39.5% or 0.395 to pre-test. The average pre-test value obtained for the control class was 46.60 with a standard deviation of 12.32 while the average pre-test value for the experimental class was 48.57 with a standard deviation of 11.20. The collection of post-test in the control class was 72.3214 with a standard deviation of 10.45291 while the average value of the experimental class was 90.1429 with a standard deviation of 6.89452. Based on the t-test it can be known that in the pre-test values of the two classes there is no significant or homogeneous difference. After being given the treatment of augmented reality learning media in solar system materials, the post-test values of both classes experienced a significant difference with a Sig.2-Tailed value of 0.000. The results of this study that the learning medium of Augmented Reality has an impact on students' critical thinking skills.

Augmented Reality in Solar System Learning at Primary School Level in Indonesia: A systematic literature review

“…The first research was conducted by Andriani and Ramadani [37] who discussed the effect of using AR media on students' critical thinking skills. The next research was conducted by Zuniari et al [38] who also discussed the effect of AR media on students' critical thinking skills.…”

“…This is similar to the research conducted by Santi et al [31] who found that AR-based textbooks can improve student learning outcomes. The use of AR in learning about the solar system in primary school can also improve students' critical thinking skills [37], [38]. The use of AR can also increase students' scientific literacy [29].…”

The Analysis of Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) of Elementary Teachers in Using Augmented Reality as Learning Media

“…Hal ini dapat menunjukkan bahwa augmented reality belum dikenalkan pada guru sekolah dasar secara menyeluruh. Keadaan kurangnya pengetahuan partisipan terhadap penggunaan augmented reality didukung oleh pendapat ahli yang menyatakan bahwa penggunaan augmented reality sebagai media pembelajaran di Sekolah Dasar masih kurang, sehingga membutuhkan inovasi dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran di sekolah dasar (Zuniari, Ridlo, Wahyuni, Ulfa, & Dharmawan, 2022). Sementara, augmented reality sangat diperlukan dalam pembelajaran di Sekolah Dasar karena sesuai peserta didik tingkat Sekolah Dasar masih berpikir konkret.…”

Teaching and learning natural sciences using augmented reality in preschool and primary education: A literature review

“…Moreover, Zuniari et al (2022) looked into how augmented reality can support knowledge acquisition and critical thinking in the context of a solar system course in primary education. Their study followed a quasi-experimental design and a total of 56 primary education students (experimental group: 28 students and control group: 28 students) participated.…”