The effectiveness of Azicycline in respiratory infections of calves of bacterial etiology

Makavchik, S.A.; Suchinin, A.A.; Engashev, S.V.; Engasheva, E.S.

doi:10.30896/0042-4846.2020.23.5.24-27

Cited by 3 publications

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“…Здоровые собаки и кошки могут быть колонизированы MRSA, хотя эта колонизация, вероятно, носит временный характер. Как и в случае с MRSP, изоляты MRSA часто устойчивы к небеталактамным антибиотикам, особенно: фторхинолонам, линкозамидам, макролидам [1,4,8].…”

Section: результаты и обсуждениеunclassified

“…Определение чувствительности и резистентности фенотипическими методами проводится с помощью: диск-диффузионного метода, метода микроразведения в бульоне, метода разведения в агаре, метода Е-тестов [1,9,12].…”

Section: результаты и обсуждениеunclassified

“…Лабораторные методы контроля механизмов резистентности стафилококков к метициллину включают фенотипические методы с применением диск с оксациллином (1мкг), или цефокситином (10мкг) [1,5,7,8].…”

Section: результаты и обсуждениеunclassified

“…Род Staphylococcus и их растущая резистентность к противомикробным препаратам, особенно к метициллину, представляет собой проблему для практикующих ветеринарных врачей. Сложность в детекции механизмов резистентности стафилококков к антибиотикам часто приводит к неэффективной терапии и длительному течению болезни [1,3,4].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Laboratory methods for monitoring resistance to methycillin of Staphylococcus of zoonotic origin

Makavchik

Borisova

2023

jour

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The development of antibiotic resistance in microorganisms is considered a modern phenomenon, which is usually caused by empirical antibiotic therapy. One of the representatives with high antibiotic resistance is staphylococcus aureus.Staphylococcus aureus is a pathogen resistant to broad-spectrum antibiotics and is responsible for most nosocomial infections. This microorganism synthesizes penicillinase, an enzyme that breaks down penicillin molecules. To effectively combat Staphylococcus aureus, a modified penicillin, methicillin, was previously used, the molecule of which was not destroyed by this enzyme. However, methicillin-resistant strains of this pathogen are also known today.As part of the group of methicillin-resistant staphylococci (MRSA), there are three subgroups: nosocomial variants of MRSA, community-acquired MRSA, MRSA associated with farm animals, common among farm animals (livestockassociated MRSA, LA-MRSA). MRSA are characterized by multidrug resistance.It was previously believed that Staphylococcus intermedius is the most dangerous staphylococcus for pets. However, over the past few years it has been found that the most common is Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, which is gaining increasing relevance. Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) is a bacterium commonly found on the skin, mouth, nasal mucosa, and gastrointestinal tract in approximately 50% of pets. Unlike MRSA, MRSP is much more common in dogs and cats. One of the main methods of laboratory control over their spread is a monitoring study of the epizootic and epidemiological situation among animals and the population.The home environment plays a major role in the transmission of MRSA and MRSP, therefore, by taking careful measures to prevent the spread of infection, the likelihood of infection in both companion animals and humans can be reduced.The determination of sensitivity and resistance by phenotypic methods is carried out using: disk diffusion method, broth microdilution method, agar dilution method, E-test method.Laboratory methods for monitoring the mechanisms of resistance of staphylococci to methicillin include phenotypic methods using disks with oxacillin, or cefoxitin.Genotypic methods using polymerase chain reaction allow detecting the mecA, mecC gene.For a serological diagnostic method, a latex agglutination test is used to identify MRSA and MSSA (PSB2a / PSB2 spicelin-binding protein).Treatment of animals requires special attention because infections caused by multi-resistant staphylococci are more severe, chronic or latent, which increases the duration of treatment.

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Section: результаты и обсуждениеunclassified

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Laboratory methods for monitoring resistance to methycillin of Staphylococcus of zoonotic origin

Makavchik

Borisova

2023

jour

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“…На сегодняшний день имеется небольшое количество данных по исследованиям о передаче K. pneumoniae от животных человеку. Однако эта информация имеет решающее значение для лучшего понимания эпизоотологии этого этиологически важного микроорганизма [6,10,12].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Antibiotic resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae and practical significance for veterinary medicine

Makavchik

Borisova

2023

jour

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For successful pharmacotherapy of animals, species identification of pathogens, analysis of antibiograms and interpretation of the results, and laboratory monitoring of the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance are important. This is necessary for veterinarians to rationally select antibacterial drugs and predict their clinical effectiveness. In veterinary clinics, antimicrobial therapy requires review of therapeutic efficacy more often than other treatments.Klebsiella are widely distributed in nature. These microorganisms are often etiological factors in septicemia in cattle, birds, horses, pigs, as well as in the development of infectious diarrhea in young farm animals.The purpose of the study is to study the antimicrobial resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from dogs and its practical significance for veterinary medicine.Materials and methods. The microorganism K. pneumoniae was isolated from wound contents in a dachshund dog. The dog was observed in the intensive care unit in the veterinary clinic.The sensitivity to antibacterial drugs was assessed by the method of diffusion of antibiotics into agar.Research results. In the period from 2021 to 2022, a total of 100 isolates were isolated from dogs with purulentinflammatory processes, among which 18% are gram-negative and 82% are gram-positive microorganisms, and the case of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolation is 1%.The isolates of Klebsiella pneumonia were characterized by resistance to aminoglycosides (gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin), III generation cephalosporins (cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, ceftazidime), IV cephalosporins (cefepime), penicillins (Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid), carbapenems (imipenem, meropenem, doripenem, ertapenem). ), fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin), aminoglycosides (gentamicin, amikacin, tobramycin) and a number of other antimicrobial drugs (sulfamethoxazole trimethoprim). Klebsiella was highly sensitive only to fosfomycin.When analyzing this antibiogram of Klebsiella pneumoniae, it is necessary to conduct additional laboratory studies in order to establish the minimum inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics and to study the mechanisms of resistance.Conclusion. Among strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from wound exudate in dogs, there is a spread of resistance to most antibiotics, as well as an increase in resistance to cephalosporins and carbapenems. It is necessary to carry out laboratory control of antibiotic resistance for further rational use of antibacterial drugs.

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Development and testing of a test system for polymerase chain reaction in order to detect alpha-toxin <i>Clostridium Perfringens</i>

Moiseeva

2023

jour

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With the spread of clostridiosis, epidemiological and epizootic safety is violated, the degree of which depends on the immunological status of the animal, therapeutic and preventive measures in the livestock complex, the toxigenicity of the bacterium and the severity of the disease. The Clostridium perfringens bacterium is ubiquitous, produces 20 different toxins and pathogenicity factors, one of which is alpha-toxin, which is found in meat and other biological samples, which threatens the biosafety of livestock enterprises, markets, shops, etc. The article is devoted to the development and testing of test- systems for real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect the DNA of the gene encoding the alpha-toxin of the Clostridium perfringens CP322 strain, which is widespread in the Russian Federation. The synthesis of oligonucleotides proposed by a team of scientists from Korea Chon J.W., Park J.S., Hyeon J.Y., Park C., Song K.Y., Hong K.W., Hwang I.G., Kwak H.S., Seo K.H. in 2012 served as the basis for the creation and testing of the test system [1].Optimization of the diagnostic technique, selection of the correct concentrations of reagents and DNA in samples from cattle, synthesis of highly specific primers and modernization of the probe molecule formed the basis for the development of a test system, which was tested on 319 samples - biomaterial obtained from cattle. The proposed method of molecular genetic diagnostics will allow veterinarians to timely identify the causative agent of enterotoxemia in the test samples, make a comprehensive diagnosis based on epizootic, clinical, pathoanatomical and laboratory data, prescribe effective treatment and develop an action plan to prevent the development and spread of infection.

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The effectiveness of Azicycline in respiratory infections of calves of bacterial etiology

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Laboratory methods for monitoring resistance to methycillin of Staphylococcus of zoonotic origin

Laboratory methods for monitoring resistance to methycillin of Staphylococcus of zoonotic origin

Antibiotic resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae and practical significance for veterinary medicine

Development and testing of a test system for polymerase chain reaction in order to detect alpha-toxin <i>Clostridium Perfringens</i>

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