Antibiotic resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae and practical significance for veterinary medicine

Abstract

For successful pharmacotherapy of animals, species identification of pathogens, analysis of antibiograms and interpretation of the results, and laboratory monitoring of the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance are important. This is necessary for veterinarians to rationally select antibacterial drugs and predict their clinical effectiveness. In veterinary clinics, antimicrobial therapy requires review of therapeutic efficacy more often than other treatments.Klebsiella are widely distributed in nature. These microorganisms are often etiological factors in septicemia in cattle, birds, horses, pigs, as well as in the development of infectious diarrhea in young farm animals.The purpose of the study is to study the antimicrobial resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from dogs and its practical significance for veterinary medicine.Materials and methods. The microorganism K. pneumoniae was isolated from wound contents in a dachshund dog. The dog was observed in the intensive care unit in the veterinary clinic.The sensitivity to antibacterial drugs was assessed by the method of diffusion of antibiotics into agar.Research results. In the period from 2021 to 2022, a total of 100 isolates were isolated from dogs with purulentinflammatory processes, among which 18% are gram-negative and 82% are gram-positive microorganisms, and the case of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolation is 1%.The isolates of Klebsiella pneumonia were characterized by resistance to aminoglycosides (gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin), III generation cephalosporins (cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, ceftazidime), IV cephalosporins (cefepime), penicillins (Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid), carbapenems (imipenem, meropenem, doripenem, ertapenem). ), fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin), aminoglycosides (gentamicin, amikacin, tobramycin) and a number of other antimicrobial drugs (sulfamethoxazole trimethoprim). Klebsiella was highly sensitive only to fosfomycin.When analyzing this antibiogram of Klebsiella pneumoniae, it is necessary to conduct additional laboratory studies in order to establish the minimum inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics and to study the mechanisms of resistance.Conclusion. Among strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from wound exudate in dogs, there is a spread of resistance to most antibiotics, as well as an increase in resistance to cephalosporins and carbapenems. It is necessary to carry out laboratory control of antibiotic resistance for further rational use of antibacterial drugs.