The Effect of Wood Provenance and Density on Cutting Forces While Sawing Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.)

Chuchała, Daniel; Orłowski, Kazimierz A.; Sandak, Anna; Sandak, Jakub; Pauliny, Dusan; Barański, Jacek

doi:10.15376/biores.9.3.5349-5361

Cited by 25 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Valores mínimos, médios, máximos, média geral e coeficiente de variação da umidade, das densidades aparente e básica e da energia específica de corte, nas posições radiais. An increase was seen in consumption of specific cutting force in accordance with an increase in wood density (Figure 4a, b), corroborating studies of Kivimaa (1950), Koch (1964Koch ( , 1972, Orlowski et al (2013) and Chuchala et al (2014). These authors affirmed that woods of greater density commonly exhibit fewer lumens and more cell walls, as well as being more resistant.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

Study of the physical properties of Corymbia citriodora wood for the prediction of specific cutting force

Melo¹,

Silva²,

Napoli³

et al. 2016

Sci. For.

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ResumoObjetivou-se verificar a influência da densidade e da umidade da madeira na energia específica de corte. Utilizou-se madeira de Corymbia citriodora Hill & Johnson, de plantios no Vale do Rio Doce, no Brasil. Retirou-se a tábua diametral de 60 x 18 x 5 cm (comprimento x largura x espessura, respectivamente), acima de 1,3 m do solo. Nos ensaios de usinagem, utilizou-se serra circular de 400 mm de diâmetro com 24 dentes "WZ", velocidade de avanço de 10 m.min -1 , velocidade de corte 61 m.s -1 e torque instantâneo máximo de 92,5 N.m. Durante os cortes foram retirados corpos de prova com aresta de 1,5 cm alternado e paralelo a cada corte, em 6 posições radiais, que foram usados para a determinação da umidade e densidade da madeira. Observou-se que a energia especifica de corte foi positivamente correlacionada com a densidade da básica e aparente da madeira, porém a umidade foi negativamente correlacionada com a energia de corte. A densidade básica foi a propriedade física que melhor explicou a variação da energia específica de corte. A umidade demonstrou ser uma propriedade importante para explicar a relação entre a energia específica de corte específica e a densidade aparente da madeira.Palavras-chave: usinagem da madeira, umidade, densidade da madeira. AbstractThe aim of this study was to verify the influence of wood density and moisture content on specific cutting force. We used wood from the species Corymbia citriodora Hill & Johnson, from tree plantations in the Vale do Rio Doce, Brazil. A diametrical board with dimensions of 60 x 18 x 5 cm (length x width x thickness, respectively), more than 1.3 m from the ground, was removed. In machining trials, a 400 mm diameter circular saw was used, with 24 "WZ" teeth, feed rate of 10 m.min -1 , cutting speed of 61 m.s -1 , and maximum instantaneous torque of 92.5 N.m. During cutting, test specimens were removed with alternate and parallel 1.5 cm edges in 6 radial positions, which were used for determination of moisture, and wood density. It was observed that the specific cutting force was positively correlated with apparent density and with the basic density of the wood; however the moisture content was negatively correlated. The basic density was the best property indicated for the prediction of specific cutting force. Moisture content proved to be an important property for explaining the correlation found between specific cutting force and the apparent density of the wood.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

Study of the physical properties of Corymbia citriodora wood for the prediction of specific cutting force

Melo¹,

Silva²,

Napoli³

et al. 2016

Sci. For.

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“…However, it is also clear that considering density only does not lead to complete elimination of the experimental data scatter. It was previously observed by Chuchala et al [ 56 ] that the effect of density upon the cutting power (cutting forces) is better explained if also considering the synergetic effect of varying cutting conditions, such as feed speed. It is clearly visible in Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 that the repeatability of results, observed as a minimized standard deviation ranges, is higher for low chip thicknesses.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the Drying Method of Pine and Beech Wood on Fracture Toughness and Shear Yield Stress

et al. 2020

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The modern wood converting processes consists of several stages and material drying belongs to the most influencing future performances of products. The procedure of drying wood is usually realized between subsequent sawing operations, affecting significantly cutting conditions and general properties of material. An alternative methodology for determination of mechanical properties (fracture toughness and shear yield stress) based on cutting process analysis is presented here. Two wood species (pine and beech) representing soft and hard woods were investigated with respect to four diverse drying methods used in industry. Fracture toughness and shear yield stress were determined directly from the cutting power signal that was recorded while frame sawing. An original procedure for compensation of the wood density variation is proposed to generalize mechanical properties of wood and allow direct comparison between species and drying methods. Noticeable differences of fracture toughness and shear yield stress values were found among all drying techniques and for both species, but only for beech wood the differences were statistically significant. These observations provide a new highlight on the understanding of the effect of thermo-hydro modification of wood on mechanical performance of structures. It can be also highly useful to optimize woodworking machines by properly adjusting cutting power requirements.

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“…Despite the fact that sometimes when machining two species with different densities they can present similar cutting resistance [35], it is likely assumed as the most common opinion that the properties of the raw material are transmitted to their derived products [36,37]. Therefore, it can be said that cutting forces are clearly correlated with the density of the species, even if it is not the only significant factor.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Assessment of Particleboards Made of Apple and Plum Orchard Pruning

Kowaluk

Szymanowski

Kozłowski

et al. 2019

Waste Biomass Valor

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Three-layered composite materials consisting in wood-chips bonded by a resin (particleboard) were successfully produced from two by-products: plum and apple tree branches, waste biomass produced after orchard pruning; a third particleboard was made from an industrial softwood blend as a reference. After collecting the branches, the raw materials were characterized in matters of density, bark content and bulk density of particles. Various physical and mechanical properties were assessed in accordance with European Standards for wood-based panels, namely thickness swelling, water absorption, modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, internal bonding strength, screw withdrawal resistance, as well as density profile and machining properties during milling and drilling. Modulus of rupture was 14.4 ± 1.2 N mm −2 for plum-based panels and 12.8 ± 2.3 N mm −2 for apple-based panels, while modulus of elasticity was 2576 ± 140 N mm −2 for plum-based panels and 2432 ± 345 N mm −2 , which fulfills the mechanical requirements for panels of furniture production and interior equipment purposes which of this kind of materials is modulus of rupture of 11 N mm −2 and modulus of elasticity of 1600 N mm −2. The results showed in general, a good performance of the composite materials elaborated from waste biomass, thus offering a potential revalorization of a rather undervalued by-product.

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The Effect of Wood Provenance and Density on Cutting Forces While Sawing Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.)

Cited by 25 publications

References 19 publications

Study of the physical properties of Corymbia citriodora wood for the prediction of specific cutting force

Study of the physical properties of Corymbia citriodora wood for the prediction of specific cutting force

Effect of the Drying Method of Pine and Beech Wood on Fracture Toughness and Shear Yield Stress

Functional Assessment of Particleboards Made of Apple and Plum Orchard Pruning

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