The effect of wind, season and latitude on the migration speed of white storks <i>Ciconia ciconia</i>, along the eastern migration route

Shamoun‐Baranes, Judy; Baharad, Anat; Alpert, Pinhas; Berthold, Peter; Yom‐Tov, Yoram; Dvir, Yoav; Leshem, Yossi

doi:10.1034/j.1600-048x.2003.03079.x

Cited by 91 publications

(121 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Accordingly, the time thus spent flying over both continents was comparable, despite a much longer distance travelled over Africa than in Europe. In the same way, maximum flight speeds (km h 21 ) for all individuals were accomplished on the African continent, and there was a net decrease in the mean daily distance of black storks north of latitude 358 N. A higher migration speed in Africa compared with Europe has also been reported for white storks using the eastern migration route (Shamoun-Baranes et al 2003b). Moreover, we found a coincidence of pattern in black storks, on a daily time scale, between the distribution of thermal convection and the windows of migratory activities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…In this species, Shamoun-Baranes et al (2003b) reported longer daily distances in autumn compared with spring owing to dominant autumnal tailwinds. The second factor known to affect the characteristics of migration of soaring birds is the prevalence of thermal convection (Leshem & YomTov 1996;Liechti et al 1996;Shamoun-Baranes et al 2003a,c).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Satellite tracking allows the collection of detailed information on complete migration routes, travel time, stopovers and wintering sites (Fuller et al 1998;Meyburg & Meyburg 1999;Berthold et al 2001;Hake et al 2001;Alerstam et al 2006;Nathan et al 2008). Once these data have been combined with ambient temperature, wind, plant phenology or latitude, they can be used to build models for forecasting migratory characteristics (Klaassen et al 2004;Marra et al 2005;Bauer et al 2008), such as flight speed (Shamoun-Baranes et al 2003b) or flight altitudes (Shamoun-Baranes et al 2003c) in soaring birds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of weather conditions on the flight of migrating black storks

et al. 2010

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This study tested the potential influence of meteorological parameters (temperature, humidity, wind direction, thermal convection) on different migration characteristics (namely flight speed, altitude and direction and daily distance) in 16 black storks (Ciconia nigra). The birds were tracked by satellite during their entire autumnal and spring migration, from 1998 to 2006. Our data reveal that during their 27-day-long migration between Europe and Africa (mean distance of 4100 km), the periods of maximum flight activity corresponded to periods of maximum thermal energy, underlining the importance of atmospheric thermal convection in the migratory flight of the black stork. In some cases, tailwind was recorded at the same altitude and position as the birds, and was associated with a significant rise in flight speed, but wind often produced a side azimuth along the birds' migratory route. Whatever the season, the distance travelled daily was on average shorter in Europe than in Africa, with values of 200 and 270 km d 21 , respectively. The fastest instantaneous flight speeds of up to 112 km h 21 were also observed above Africa. This observation confirms the hypothesis of thermal-dependant flight behaviour, and also reveals differences in flight costs between Europe and Africa. Furthermore, differences in food availability, a crucial factor for black storks during their flight between Europe and Africa, may also contribute to the above-mentioned shift in daily flight speeds.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of weather conditions on the flight of migrating black storks

et al. 2010

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“…The European white stork breeding population was recently estimated at 180,000 -220,000 breeding pairs (Burfield and Bommel, 2004). The majority of these birds migrate to spend the winter in the Sahel and East and South Africa Berthold et al, 2002) migrating on average 250 km/d (Berthold et al, 2000;Shamoun-Baranes et al, 2003b). White storks are diurnal flocking migrants relying on thermal convection and thus most birds migrate either east or west of the Mediterranean to avoid crossing long stretches of the Mediterranean Sea, converging in Israel and Gibraltar respectively.…”

Section: White Stork Migrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding soaring bird migration through interactions and decisions at the individual level

Loon

Shamoun‐Baranes

Bouten

et al. 2011

Journal of Theoretical Biology

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Many soaring bird species migrate southwards in autumn from their breeding grounds in Europe and Central Asia towards their wintering grounds. Our knowledge about interactions between migrating birds, thermal selection during migration and mechanisms that lead to flocking or convergent travel networks is still very limited. To start investigating these aspects we developed an individual-based simulation model that describes the local interactions between birds and their environment during their migratory flight, leading to emergent patterns at larger scales. The aim of our model is to identify likely decision rules with respect to thermal selection and navigation.After explaining the model, it is applied to analyse the migration of white storks (Ciconia ciconia) over part of its migration domain. A model base-run is accompanied by a sensitivity analysis. It appears that social interactions lead to the use of fewer thermals and slight increases in distance travelled. Possibilities for different model extensions and further model application are discussed.

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“…In the white stork, the timing of departure for spring migration and its duration is highly dependent on the weather conditions (Shamoun-Baranes et al 2003;Berthold et al 2004). In consequence, white storks show great within-population variability in the timing of arrival at breeding areas, with the last individuals arriving no earlier than in mid-May to Central Europe (Janiszewski et al 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shortening day length as a previously unrecognized selective pressure for early breeding in a bird with long parental care

Podlaszczuk¹,

Wojciechowski

Podlaszczuk

et al. 2014

J Ornithol

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Several different selective pressures have been suggested to explain an intense competition for early return to breeding grounds in birds. In this study we hypothesized that shortening day length during summer months may constitute additional selective force acting towards early breeding in avian species with long parental care. To test this hypothesis, we studied time budget and foraging activities of early-nesting and late-nesting white storks Ciconia ciconia from the Central-European population. We found that duration and distance of foraging trips increased significantly over the course of the reproductive season. The relative frequency of foraging trips increased at the expense of other activities, such as resting, plumage maintenance, and nest maintenance. Mean daily foraging duration increased with increasing day length in the early part of the season, with 0.68 h of foraging per individual per 13.16 h of day length in mid-April increasing to 7.42 h of foraging per individual during solstice (16.61 h of day length). Afterwards, mean foraging duration continued increasing in spite of decreasing day length, reaching 11.63 h of foraging per individual per 14.92 h of day length at the end of the season in mid-August, when storks were forced to continue foraging after sunset in order to meet energy requirements of fledglings. The results suggest that shortening day length during summer months may constitute a serious time constraint on food delivery rates to offspring for late-breeding pairs of white stork.Keywords Ciconia ciconia Á Foraging Á Photoperiod Á Timing of breeding Á White stork Zusammenfassung Kü rzere Tage sind ein bisher unbekannter Selektionsdruck fü r frü hen Brutbeginn in einer Vogelart mit langer elterlicher Fü rsorge Verschiedene Selektionsfaktoren wurden bisher herangezogen zu erklären, warum Vögel so intensiv konkurrieren möglichst früh im Brutgebiet anzukommen. In dieser Studie untersuchten wir die Hypothese, dass kürzere Tage während der Sommermonate in Arten mit langer Elternfürsorge einen weiteren Selektionsfaktor darstellen, der frühen Brutbeginn begünstigt. Um diese Hypothese zu testen verglichen wir die Zeiteinteilung und Dauer der Nahrungssuche bei früh und spät nistenden Weißstörchen Ciconia ciconia in einer zentraleuropäischen Population. Die Dauer und Entfernung von Nahrungsflügen nahm im Laufe der Brutsaison signifikant zu. Die relative Häufigkeit von Nahrungsflügen stieg ebenfalls an, was auf Kosten anderer Aktivitäten wie Rast, Gefiederpflege und Nestpflege geschah.

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The effect of wind, season and latitude on the migration speed of white storks Ciconia ciconia, along the eastern migration route

Cited by 91 publications

References 17 publications

Influence of weather conditions on the flight of migrating black storks

Influence of weather conditions on the flight of migrating black storks

Understanding soaring bird migration through interactions and decisions at the individual level

Shortening day length as a previously unrecognized selective pressure for early breeding in a bird with long parental care

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