The Effect of Water-Soluble Polysaccharide from Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) on Human Colon Carcinoma Cells Cultured In Vitro

Abstract

Various phytochemical studies have revealed that jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) is rich in bioactive compounds, including carotenoids, flavonoids, volatile acids, tannins, and lectins. The aim of the study was to analyze the biological activity of water-soluble polysaccharide (WSP) isolated from jackfruit and to assess its immunomodulatory, cytotoxic, and anti-oxidative effects on human colon carcinoma cells in vitro. The neutral red (NR) uptake assay revealed no toxic influence of the polymer on the viability of tumor cells (HT29 and SW620). After 24 h and 48 h of incubation, the cellular viability was not lower than 94%. The metabolic activity of the cells (MTT) at the compound concentration of 250 µg/mL was higher than 92% in comparison to the control. WSP (250 µg/mL) exerted no significant effect on the morphology of the cells was determined by May-Grünwald-Giemsa staining. WSP changed nitric oxide (NOx) production by the tumor cells depending on the time of incubation and prior 2-h stimulation of the cells with E. coli 0111:B4 LPS. It significantly stimulated IL-1β production by the tumor cells. The IL-6 level increased but that of IL-10 decreased by a WSP concentration-dependent manner. No such effect was detected in SW620. The WSP had antioxidant properties. In conclusion, water-soluble polysaccharide isolated from A. heterophyllus exhibits significant biological activity towards many types of both normal and cancerous cells. Therefore, it may be considered as a useful agent in the protection of human health or in functional and dietary nutrition.

Polysaccharides from South Tunisian Moringa alterniflora Leaves: Characterization, Cytotoxicity, Antioxidant Activity, and Laser Burn Wound Healing in Rats

“…Herein, polysaccharides isolated and purified from leaves of Moringa alterniflora cultivated in the arid regions of southeastern Tunisia exhibited 18.6% of the dry material. This value was superior to another polysaccharide content, such as in Bergenia (15.8%) [ 18 ], and Jackfruit (11.8%) [ 19 ]. The proportion of water to raw material, time, and temperature might all have an impact on these variations [ 20 ].…”

Physicochemical Properties, Antioxidant Capacity, Prebiotic Activity and Anticancer Potential in Human Cells of Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) Seed Flour

“…On the other hand, the flour decreased cell viability in the HT29 cell line, which is a cancerous cell line, and thus showed anticancer effects. Reference [ 55 ] recently reported that water-soluble polysaccharides obtained from jackfruit did not affect viability in HT29 nor SW620 colonic cancer cell lines after 24 or 48 h as tested by a neutral red assay. Nevertheless, an MTT assay of these same cell lines showed a gradual decrease in cell viability with increasing concentrations of polysaccharide extracts.…”

Design, Formulation, Optimization and In-vitro Evaluation of Colon-targeted Tablet Utilizing Polymer Isolated from Artocarpus heterophyllus

“…Hausner's Ratio Hausner's ratio is calculated by using the formula: 12,13 Carr's Index Carr's Index is calculated by using the formula:…”