The effect of water on electrokinetic potential and stability of suspensions in nonpolar media

Kitahara, Ayao; Karasawa, Shuichi; Yamada, Hiromichi

doi:10.1016/0021-9797(67)90059-8

Cited by 81 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Zeta potentials measured in the current study were much smaller in magnitude compared to values previously reported (À25 to À115 mV) for carbon black dispersions in AOT-organic solvent systems [12][13][14]. For a carbon black dispersion in AOT-benzene, the zeta potential decreased from À115 mV to À70 mV for a range of 5-80 mM AOT [12].…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 65%

“…Carbon black dispersions with AOT in nonaqueous solvents have been studied by microelectrophoresis and by LDE [3,[12][13][14]. In media such as cyclohexane, heptane, benzene, and dodecane, zeta potentials up to À120 mV have been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Electrostatic stabilization of colloids in low-permittivity solvents with a dielectric constant less than five generally requires additives such as polymers or surfactants to separate ions in the bulk from the surface and to avoid ion pairing [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. Ion separation for a 1:1 electrolyte is given by the Bjerrum length (specified by equating electrostatic interaction energy and thermal energy), given as…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrophoretic mobility of concentrated carbon black dispersions in a low-permittivity solvent by optical coherence tomography

Patel

Smith

Kim

et al. 2010

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 65%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Electrophoretic mobility of concentrated carbon black dispersions in a low-permittivity solvent by optical coherence tomography

Patel

Smith

Kim

et al. 2010

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

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“…If the ionic radius, ri, is known, or at least estimated, x-i can be easily determined. The second possibility considered [18,19] uses the classical Equation n ~ being the number concentrations of ions of each type in the bulk solution, Ao the limiting equivalent conductance of the liquid, and F the Faraday constant. In order to use Equation (4) -to be referred to as method I in what follows -for the estimation of x-i, let us admit the presence of two types of ions of equal radii ri -1 nm.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding Equation (5) (method II), we will assume that the limiting equivalent conductance of 2-propanol in water is -100 f~-i cm 2 eq-1 (quite reasonable, see [18,20]). By making use of Walden's rule, we obtain Ao 43 f~-i cm 2 eq-1, so that the number of ions per cubic meter can be expressed as (with the conductivity K* of the suspension in ~-1 m-i):…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the electrophoretic mobility and zeta potential of montmorillonite in non-aqueous media

Delgado

González‐Caballero

Bruque

1986

Colloid & Polymer Sci

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Experimental results on the electrophoretic velocity and mobility of Ca-montmorillonite in 2-propanol are reported. The variation of the electrophoretic velocity with the externally applied electric field and the particle size range, at constant volume fraction and temperature, is considered. Given the difficulties for determining the types and concentrations of ions present in these liquid media, two methods are discussed for the estimation of the double layer thickness and hence the product xa, necessary for the determination of the zeta potential (~) of the interface. Although both methods of calculation yield different values of xa, the results for the zeta potential are very similar in the regions of xce and ~ characteristic of our sEstems. The application to the experimental data of three theoretical relations between electrophoretic mobility and zeta potential is also discussed.

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Electrokinetic phenomena in the filtration of colloidal particles suspended in nonaqueous media

1981

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Filtration of carbon black particles from tetralin through a bed of sand with simultaneous measurement of bed streaming potential shows that the charge on the filter and its neutralization by depositing colloidal particles plays an important role in filter performance. Filter capacities up to the point of charge neutralization, calculated from knowledge of the colloid and filter zeta potentials using a semitheoretical model for variation of filter surface charge characteristics. are found to be in good agreement with experimental values. SCOPEThere has been a recent surge of interest in coal liquefaction processes for converting high sulfur coals to clean liquid fuels. Separation of the residual mineral matter and coal particles from the final product is a major problem in these processes. Conventional separation processes have not yielded the solution due to difficulties caused by the high viscosity of the liquid product and the fineness of the solids, a large fraction of which are submicron in size. Recently, suspended particles in coalderived liquids have been shown to carry a charge (Henry and Jacques, 1977; Rodgers, 1978; Lee et al., 1979). Asphaltenes and preasphaltenes in coal liquids have been found to affect the suspended particle size (Briggs et at., 1980), and Rodgers (1960) has related this phenomenon to the changes in particle charge caused by asphaltenes depositing on the particle surface. Lee et al. (1979) enhanced sedimentation rates by applying an electric field and also presented (Lee et al., 1980) a design of a cross-flow electrofilter which utilized the electrophoretic motion of the particle to prevent filter clogging. Thus, the charge residing on the residual mineral matter and the coal particles can be used to advantage in a number of separation processes.Deep bed, or granular media, filtration is a widely used separation process for economical and efficient removal of low concentrations of fine solids'from water. The need for improved filtration techniques for treating the products of coal liquefaction warrants a study of deep bed filtration with special emphasis on nonaqueous systems.Removal of colloidal particles in deep bed filtration is achieved by deposition onto the filter grains constituting the bed, The particles are transported to the filter grain (collector) surface by the mechanism of interception, sedimentation and Brownian diffusion. Whether or not the particle finally attaches itself to the collector surface depends on the net resultant of the short-range forces which are the attraction due to London-Van der Waal forces, and the force due to electrical double layer interactions. Repulsive double layer force between similarly charged particle and filter medium can be strong enough to prevent deposition. The extent to which the surface charges affect deposition rates is also determined by the distance to which their influence extends. By virtue of their low dielectric constant and low electrical conductivity, organic liquids have very thick interfacial double layers as compare...

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The effect of water on electrokinetic potential and stability of suspensions in nonpolar media

Cited by 81 publications

References 13 publications

Electrophoretic mobility of concentrated carbon black dispersions in a low-permittivity solvent by optical coherence tomography

Electrophoretic mobility of concentrated carbon black dispersions in a low-permittivity solvent by optical coherence tomography

On the electrophoretic mobility and zeta potential of montmorillonite in non-aqueous media

Electrokinetic phenomena in the filtration of colloidal particles suspended in nonaqueous media

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