The effect of warm water surface treatments on the fatigue life in shear of aluminum joints

Underhill, P. R.; Rider, Andrew N.; DuQuesnay, D.L.

doi:10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2004.10.005

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Hence, the quality of the surface preparation has a very significant effect on the life of the joint. The failure surface morphology of the well prepared joints was similar to what was seen for the fatigue of joints made with FM73, a closely related high strength epoxy adhesive [5,10]. In that case, both good and poor joints exhibited the same morphology.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

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Fatigue Behaviour of Aluminum Bonded Joints as a Function of Wedge Test Performance

Underhill

Rider

Livingstone

2009

Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology

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An investigation of the factors affecting the wedge test performance of aluminum joints, prepared by bonding Al2024-T3 clad with FM300 epoxy adhesive, was conducted. It identified a number of factors whose influence was quantified in a regression model. The wedge test specimens were then machined into simple overlap fatigue specimens and cycled at a maximum stress of 20 MPa in shear and an R-ratio of 0.5. The results show that the log of the fatigue life is negatively correlated with the length of the crack produced in the wedge test. They also show that the scatter in the log(fatigue life) decreases with crack length in the wedge test so that specimens which had the shortest crack in the wedge test had the longest fatigue lives with the least amount of scatter in the fatigue life data. The decrease in the scatter is important in establishing confidence in the bonding process.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

“…The observation that the fatigue life in shear of a bonded joint improves as the quality of the surface preparation, as measured by the wedge test, has been reported before [5][6][7][8][9]. In this case, the average improvement is approximately an order of magnitude over the range of wedge test cracks sampled.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Fatigue Behaviour of Aluminum Bonded Joints as a Function of Wedge Test Performance

Underhill

Rider

Livingstone

2009

Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology

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“…In the light of these, we postulate that by careful choice and inclusion of preferentially outwardly mobile species/cation(s)) like tungsten species ( Figure 4) which consequently present only in the very outer regions of the film, and are able to exert inhibitive effects on the growth of significant "sealing oxide layer" on the sealed anodic oxide layer but no significant deleterious effects on pore sealing, improvements in adhesion and abrasion properties of sealed aluminum products might be obtained without sacrificing corrosion resistance. Boiling water treatment on aluminum alloy prior to structural adhesive bonding has been reported [129][130][131][132] to lead to improvements in the fatigue life and bond strength, durability and moisture stability of aluminum alloys adhesively bonded with epoxy adhesives. These improvements have been largely attributed to the formation of a highly porous structured pseudo-boehmite layer at the aluminum surface [133].…”

Section: Structure and Composition Of Anodized Oxide Layer On Anodizementioning

confidence: 99%

The Sealing Step in Aluminum Anodizing: A Focus on Sustainable Strategies for Enhancing Both Energy Efficiency and Corrosion Resistance

2020

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Increasing demands for environmental accountability and energy efficiency in industrial practice necessitates significant modification(s) of existing technologies and development of new ones to meet the stringent sustainability demands of the future. Generally, development of required new technologies and appropriate modifications of existing ones need to be premised on in-depth appreciation of existing technologies, their limitations, and desired ideal products or processes. In the light of these, published literature mostly in the past 30 years on the sealing process; the second highest energy consuming step in aluminum anodization and a step with significant environmental impacts has been critical reviewed in this systematic review. Emphasis have been placed on the need to reduce both the energy input in the anodization process and environmental implications. The implications of the nano-porous structure of the anodic oxide on mass transport and chemical reactivity of relevant species during the sealing process is highlighted with a focus on exploiting these peculiarities, in improving the quality of sealed products. In addition, perspective is provided on plausible approaches and important factors to be considered in developing sealing procedures that can minimize the energy input and environmental impact of the sealing step, and ensure a more sustainable aluminum anodization process/industry.Coatings 2020, 10, 226 2 of 55 sealing methods. Furthermore, the applicability of another hitherto popular sealing process; chromate sealing, is currently limited to essential parts in the aerospace industry due to toxicological, health, and environmental implications traced to Cr(VI) employed in the process [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. On the other hand, the advantages of another industrially utilized sealing process; the nickel fluoride (cold) sealing process is limited by the toxicity of nickel salts which narrows its range of application, and introduces added costs due to post-sealing wastewater treatments and management [17][18][19][20]. Further efforts at sealing anodized aluminum at temperatures lower than that used in hydrothermal (high temperature) sealing, have led to much variety in the chemical constitution and operating temperatures of sealing baths [21]. On the basis of temperature at which the sealing step is carried out, sealing can be classified into three major categories; high temperature, mid-temperature, and room-temperature or cold sealing. In this work sealing at temperatures from 0 to 40 • C is classified as low temperature sealing, from ≥ 40 • C to 70 • C as intermediate or mid temperature sealing, and sealing at temperatures > 70 • C as high temperature sealing.

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“…1 Degreasing aluminium [12] 2 Mechanical treatment aluminium [6,30], steel [2,32], titanium [4] 3 Chemical treatment polymers [23], titanium [ Numerous studies [2,5,7,[23][24][25][26] stress the importance of the effect of surface pretreatments for adhesive bonding and their effect on adhesive joint strength and the quality of adhesively bonded joints.…”

Section: Type Of Surface Treatment Type Of Adherendmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adhesive Properties of Metals and Metal Alloys

Rudawska¹

2015

Surface Energy

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The paper presents the effect of some surface treatment on the bonded joints strength of selected construction materials, adhesive properties of adherends after surface treatment and surface roughness. The aluminium alloys sheets, the titanium sheets and the stainless steel sheets were tested. In the experiments the following surface treatments were investigated degreasing chemical cleaning , mechanical treatment, mechanical treatment and degreasing, etching, anodising and chromate treatment. "dhesive joints were formed with a two component epoxy adhesive, Loctite . "dhesive joint tensile-shear strength tests were performed in accordance with EN DIN standard on Zwick/Roell Z and Zwick/Roell Z testing machines. "dhesive properties were determined by surface free energy and surface free energy was determined by the Owens-Wendt method. The roughness of specimens was qualified by the method for measuring contact roughness, using an M profilometer manufactured by Mahr. The surface view was obtained by used NanoFocus uscan "F . Results obtained from adhesive joint strength tests of materials evidence that surface treatment plays an important role in increasing strength of analysed joints. Tests indicate that in numerous instances this is mechanical treatment only or mechanical treatment followed by chemical cleaning which translate to the highest joint strength. The surface treatment method which introduces extensive changes in the analysed materials surface geometry is mechanical treatment. The results of surface roughness parameters measurement carried out on test samples subjected to anodising indicate that anodising has an impact on the height of surface irregularities. The application of various surface treatments in different structural materials allows modification of their adhesive properties, determined by the surface free energy. It was noted that different surface treatments contribute not only to the surface free energy changes but to the SFE components share in the total value. In the majority of variants of EN "W-PLT aluminium alloy sheet surface treatment the dispersive component amounted to the -% of the total surface free energy. The assumption then should be that in order for the determination of a particular surface for adhesive processes to be comprehensive it should account for the adherends surface geometry as well as its adhesion properties. The geometry of surface can influence the mechanical adhesion and the surface free energy is connected with both mechanical adhesion and the other constituent of adhesion -proper adhesion.

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The effect of warm water surface treatments on the fatigue life in shear of aluminum joints

Cited by 15 publications

References 6 publications

Fatigue Behaviour of Aluminum Bonded Joints as a Function of Wedge Test Performance

Fatigue Behaviour of Aluminum Bonded Joints as a Function of Wedge Test Performance

The Sealing Step in Aluminum Anodizing: A Focus on Sustainable Strategies for Enhancing Both Energy Efficiency and Corrosion Resistance

Adhesive Properties of Metals and Metal Alloys

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