The Effect of Vitamin E on the Cell‐mediated Immune Response in Pigs

Jensen, M. D.; Fossum, Caroline; Ederoth, M.; Hakkarainen, R. V. Juhani

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0450.1988.tb00528.x

Cited by 36 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…There were also no differences between the experimental groups in the vitamin E concentration in the milk of sows. Taking into account the report by Jensen et al (1988), stating that only a tocopherol concentration of 3 mg/l in the blood serum ensures a optimum immune response, it can be concluded that the amount of vitamin E used in the present study (200 mg/kg) produced positive results, increasing the concentration of vitamin E in the blood serum of piglets to the desired minimum. Similar results have also been obtained by other authors as well (Mahan, 1991(Mahan, , 1994Pehrson et al, 2001;Pinelli-Savedra & Scaife, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Effect of dietary vitamins E and C supplementation on performance of sows and piglets

Sosnowska

Kawecka

Jacyno

et al. 2011

Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Science

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of increased vitamins E and C doses in the feeding of sows at the last stage of gestation (90 day) and during lactation on the performance of sows and their piglets. The study was carried out in two seasons (winter and summer) on 139 multiparous sows, divided into three groups: control diet Á vitamin E 60 mg/kg, experimental diet Á vitamin E 200 mg/kg, experimental diet Á vitamin E 200 mg/kg ' vitamin C 500 mg/kg. In spite of an increased concentration of these vitamins in the serum of piglets, no clear effect on the rearing results was found. However, an advantageous post-effect of the vitamins fed to sows was shown. The addition of vitamin E together with vitamin C significantly reduced the body temperature of sows after farrowing and considerably reduced the number of sows culled after rearing.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Effect of dietary vitamins E and C supplementation on performance of sows and piglets

Sosnowska

Kawecka

Jacyno

et al. 2011

Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Science

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“…Vitamin E supplementation is known to stimulate the immune system (Jensen et al, 1988). In line with this, vitamin E deficiency has been found to predispose pigs to E. coli infection (Ellis and Vorhies, 1976) while increasing the vitamin E content in diets for lactating sows has been found to reduce frequency of treatment for weaning diarrhoea and the serum concentration of antibodies to E. coli of piglets (Lauridsen and Jensen, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Vitamin E is important for development of and maturation of the immune system and vitamin E deficiency has been found to predispose pigs to E. coli infection (Ellis and Vorhies, 1976), which may lead to weaning diarrhoea, whereas dietary supplementation with vitamin E resulted in improved cellular and humoral immunity in pigs (Jensen et al, 1988;Hayak et al, 1989).…”

Section: Contents Lists Available At Sciencedirectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance and diarrhoea in piglets following weaning at seven weeks of age: Challenge with E. coli O 149 and effect of dietary factors

et al. 2009

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Four dietary factors (ad libitum versus feed restriction, control versus protein restriction at ad libitum feeding, control versus inclusion of lupin as a protein source at ad libitum feeding, and control versus extra vitamin E at ad libitum feeding) were tested in four separate experiments for the effect on diarrhoea. To introduce a diarrhoea-like condition, half of the piglets were challenged with an E. coli O 149 dose of 1 × 10 8 colony forming units on days one and two after weaning (day of weaning= day zero). All piglets were susceptible since the dams were tested mono-zygotic susceptible to the attachment site of E. coli O 149 in the intestines. Each of the four experiments included 32 piglets from 4 sows. The design was a 2 × 2 factorial with dietary factor and E. coli O 149 challenge as the two factors, each at two levels. The piglets were housed individually during the experiment which lasted for 10 days from weaning at 7 weeks of age. The daily recordings included feed intake, weight and faecal score (from 1 = solid and cloddy to 6 = watery and yellow). Faeces from days 1 to 4 were tested for E. coli strains. In addition, blood was sampled and serum was analysed for antibodies to E. coli, IgG and IgM. Generally the E. coli challenge had no effect on growth and feed intake whereas faecal score and number of faecal haemolytic bacteria increased and faecal dry matter decreased. Feed restriction decreased the weight gain while faecal characteristics were unaffected. An analysis including all four experiments revealed that a feed intake of less than 200 g during the first day after weaning seems to be associated with a relatively high incidence of a post-weaning diarrhoea-like condition. Protein restriction decreased faecal score and increased faecal dry matter while weight gain tended to decrease. Inclusion of lupin affected neither weight gain nor faecal characteristics. Extra vitamin E did not affect weight gain while faecal dry matter decreased, and faecal score and number of faecal haemolytic bacteria increased. The dietary treatments had no effect on the measured immunoglobulins. In conclusion, the studied dietary factors could not alleviate a diarrhoea-like condition and at the same time maintain the growth rate. Furthermore, the results indicate that performance can be improved if piglets achieve a daily feed intake of at least 200 g during the first day after weaning.

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“…Animal and human studies have demonstrated that vitamin E deficiency impairs both humoral (antibody production) and cell‐mediated (particularly that of T cells) immune functions (reviewed by Han and Meydani ). Lower antibody production in mice and rats and impaired lymphocyte proliferation in rats , dogs , lambs , pigs , and chickens have been reported as a consequence of vitamin E deficiency which can be reversed by repletion of vitamin E. In humans, vitamin E deficiency is very rare, but limited number of studies examining vitamin E deficiency in humans supports the essential role of vitamin E in immune function. A case report of vitamin E deficiency as a result of an intestinal malabsorption disorder demonstrated impaired delayed‐type hypersensitivity (DTH), an in vivo measure of cell‐mediated immune function, and impaired ex vivo T cell function assessed by interleukin (IL)‐2 production, a key cytokine essential for T cell function.…”

Section: Vitamin E and Immune Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulatory role of vitamin E in the immune system and inflammation

2018

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Vitamin E, a potent lipid‐soluble antioxidant, found in higher concentration in immune cells compared to other cells in blood, is one of the most effective nutrients known to modulate immune function. Vitamin E deficiency has been demonstrated to impair normal functions of the immune system in animals and humans, which can be corrected by vitamin E repletion. Although deficiency is rare, vitamin E supplementation above current dietary recommendations has been shown to enhance the function of the immune system and reduce risk of infection, particularly in older individuals. The mechanisms responsible for the effect of vitamin E on the immune system and inflammation have been explored in cell‐based, pre‐clinical and clinical intervention studies. Vitamin E modulates T cell function through directly impacting T cell membrane integrity, signal transduction, and cell division, and also indirectly by affecting inflammatory mediators generated from other immune cells. Modulation of immune function by vitamin E has clinical relevance as it affects host susceptibility to infectious diseases such as respiratory infections, in addition to allergic diseases such as asthma. Studies examining the role of vitamin E in the immune system have typically focused on α‐tocopherol; however, emerging evidence suggests that other forms of vitamin E, including other tocopherols as well as tocotrienols, may also have potent immunomodulatory functions. Future research should continue to identify and confirm the optimal doses for individuals at different life stage, health condition, nutritional status, and genetic heterogeneity. Future research should also characterize the effects of non‐α‐alpha‐tocopherol vitamin E on immune cell function as well as their potential clinical application. © 2018 IUBMB Life, 71(4):487–494, 2019

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The Effect of Vitamin E on the Cell‐mediated Immune Response in Pigs

Cited by 36 publications

References 13 publications

Effect of dietary vitamins E and C supplementation on performance of sows and piglets

Effect of dietary vitamins E and C supplementation on performance of sows and piglets

Performance and diarrhoea in piglets following weaning at seven weeks of age: Challenge with E. coli O 149 and effect of dietary factors

Regulatory role of vitamin E in the immune system and inflammation

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