The Effect of Vitamin E on the Muscular Dystrophies

Alpers, Bernard J.; Gaskill, Herbert S.; Cantarow, A.

doi:10.1097/00005053-194210000-00003

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“…There was in fact high mortality among the slaves between the seizure of a ship and their being freed at Sierra Leone, St Helena or Mauritius. Deaths also occurred among the 72 The abolition of the slave trade seamen, either from sickness or in the course of their duties: there were some murderous fights between cruisers and slave ships. 17 The slave ships took shrewd advantage of the confusion that prevailed in the international field so far as suppression was concerned.…”

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“…71 Similarly, many Yao traders converted to Islam and adopted coastal cultural patterns as a result of their contact with the Arabs. Their participation in long-distance trade also led to the growth of urban centres and the development of rituals and prohibitions designed to ensure the fidelity of Yao women while their husbands were in the interior, 72 suggesting that change also occurred as societies modified internal structures to meet new external conditions. In addition to these two patterns of acculturation, there are indications that the fluid conditions facilitated the development of new ethnic and cultural groups.…”

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Africa in the nineteenth century until the 1880s

1990

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UNESCO.The designation employed and the presentation of material throughout the publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning its frontiers or boundaries. Filmset in 1 ipt Monophoto Ehrhardt by Butler & Tanner Ltd, Frome and London ContentsNote on chronology ix Key for Maps xiList of figures xiii List of plates xvAcknowledgements for plates xix Preface xxiii AMADOU-MAHTAR M'BOW, Director-General of Unesco (1974Unesco ( -1987 Description of the project xxix B. A. OGOT, President of the International Scientific Committee for the Drafting of a General History of Africa (1978Africa ( -1983 1 Africa at the beginning of the nineteenth century: issues and prospects 1 J.F.A. AJAYI We regret that we have been unable to trace the copyright holders of plates 22.1, 27.5, 27.6 and would welcome any information enabling us to do so. xxii Preface AMADOU-MAHTAR M'BOW Director-General of Unesco (ig/4-iç8/)For a long time, all kinds of myths and prejudices concealed the true history of Africa from the world at large. African societies were looked upon as societies that could have no history. In spite of important work done by such pioneers as Leo Frobenius, Maurice Delafosse and Arturo Labriola, as early as the first decades of this century, a great many nonAfrican experts could not rid themselves of certain preconceptions and argued that the lack of written sources and documents made it impossible to engage in any scientific study of such societies. Although the Iliad and Odyssey were rightly regarded as essential sources for the history of ancient Greece, African oral tradition, the collective memory of peoples which holds the thread of many events marking their lives, was rejected as worthless. In writing the history of a large part of Africa, the only sources used were from outside the continent, and the final product gave a picture not so much of the paths actually taken by the African peoples as of those that the authors thought they must have taken. Since the European Middle Ages were often used as a yardstick, modes of production, social relations and political institutions were visualized only by reference to the European past.In fact, there was a refusal to see Africans as the creators of original cultures which flowered and survived over the centuries in patterns of their own making and which historians are unable to grasp unless they forgo their prejudices and rethink their approach.Furthermore, the continent of Africa was hardly ever looked upon as a historical entity. On the contrary, emphasis was laid on everything likely to lend credence to the idea that a split had existed, from time immemorial, between a 'white Africa' and a 'black Africa', each unaware of the other's existence. The Sahara was often presented as an impenetrable space preventing any intermingling of ethnic groups and peoples or any exchange of goods, beliefs, customs and ideas between the societies t...

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Africa in the nineteenth century until the 1880s

1990

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States of Altered Metabolism in Diseases of Muscle

Hoagland¹

1946

Advances in Enzymology - And Related Areas of Molecular Biology

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Nutrition in Pregnancy

1944

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

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Cambridge) commented on the remarkable adaptability during pregnancy of the maternal organism and of the developing young., This was shown in the great variation in the length of pregnancy in different species and stiU more in the same species when pregnancy had been artificially extended by experimental means. He also referred to multiple pregnancies in which young were able to develop in increased numbers. The increase waa, however, strictly limited and corpora lutea were, undoubtedly, indirectly a factor in foetal nutrition. Foetal DevelopmentMr. A. W. Bourne (12 Wimpole Street, London, W.1) I n such an immense field of knowledge and work as that of foetal development it is possible to discuss only one small aspect. It is proposed, therefore, to look a t the subject from the point of view of the obstetrician, that is, of one who sees something of the processes of human reproduction and the quality of the child.The factors which contribute to the ideal normal results of reproduction for both mother and child are very many and of differing importance but, of all these, we know that food, which embodies an adequate supply of all the nutrients, is the most important in the aggregate. The results of a field survey in South Wales under the direction of Lady Rhys Williams (Williams, 1936-37, 1, 2) illustrate broadly the effect of improving the food supply of pregnant women; they are s5t out in Table 1.

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The Effect of Vitamin E on the Muscular Dystrophies

Cited by 3 publications

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Africa in the nineteenth century until the 1880s

Africa in the nineteenth century until the 1880s

States of Altered Metabolism in Diseases of Muscle

Nutrition in Pregnancy

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