The effect of vitamin D3 on blood pressure in people with vitamin D deficiency

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the effect of vitamin D 3 on blood pressure in people with vitamin D deficiency. Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were electronically searched databases including CNKI, VIP, WanFang Data, the Cochrane Library, PubMed, and EMbase which were about oral vitamin D 3 among people with vitamin D deficiency from inception to December 2017. Two reviewers independently screened literature according to the inclusion and extracted data; meta-analysis was performed using RevMan5.3. Results: A total of 17 RCTs with 22 arms involving 1687 participants were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that, there were no significant differences between the vitamin D deficiency group and the control group on the level of change in systolic pressure (ΔSBP) [weighted mean difference (WMD) = −1.94, 95% confidence interval (CI) (−3.93,0.04) P = .06] and on the level of change in diastolic pressure (ΔDBP) [WMD = −0.50, 95% CI (−1.17, 0.17) P = .14]. The results of subgroups showed that, there were statistically significant differences in the age of >50 years subgroup on ΔSBP [WMD = −2.32, 95% CI (−4.39, −0.25) P = .03]; there were statistically significant differences in the hypertension subgroup on ΔSBP [WMD = −6.58, 95% CI (−8.72, −4.44) P <.00001]; there were statistically significant differences in the hypertension subgroup on ΔDBP [WMD = −3.07, 95% CI (−4.66, −1.48) P = .0002]; there were statistically significant differences in the body mass index (BMI) >30 subgroup on ΔSBP [WMD = −3.51, 95% CI (−5.96, −1.07) P = .005]. Conclusion: Oral vitamin D 3 has no significant effect on blood pressure in people with vitamin D deficiency. It reduces systolic blood pressure in people with vitamin D deficiency that was older than 50 years old or obese. It reduces systolic blood pressure and diastolic pressure in people with both vitamin D deficiency and hypertension.

Effects of vitamin D supplementation on 25(OH)D concentrations and blood pressure in the elderly: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Patients with deficiency in vitamin D may acquire the effects of vitamin D supplementation 20 . However, administering vitamin D to participants who meet the same criteria can give zero results with regard to a decrease in BP because of the shorter time of administration (only 8 weeks with almost the same dose) 25 .In addition, an updated meta-analysis’s results were similar to our study in that subgroup analysis showed vitamin D supplementation may reduce SBP and DBP in patients with low 25(OH)D concentrations and hypertension 5 .…”

“…The other important finding in our study was significant differences in SBP and DBP changes among the hypertensive subgroup. Previous meta-analyses have also revealed a significant effect of vitamin D on BP in patients with hypertension at the baseline and no significant decrease in normotensive patients at the baseline 5 , 36 . In contrast to our findings, a meta-analysis by Golzarand et al .…”

“…A meta-analysis of observational cross-sectional and prospective studies on general populations has proven the relationship between serum 25(OH)D concentrations and the risk of incident hypertension 3 . However, a newer meta-analysis showed oral vitamin D3 has no significant effect on blood pressure in individuals with vitamin D deficiency 5 .…”

“…Vitamin D deficiency has become an important public health concern because it could take place at any age, and most countries report deficiency as high in the elderly 3 , 5 . Vitamin D has an essential part in metabolism regulation and has a significant role in the pathogenesis of hypertension 4 .…”

Serum Vitamin D Concentration ≥75 nmol/L Is Related to Decreased Cardiometabolic and Inflammatory Biomarkers, Metabolic Syndrome, and Diabetes; and Increased Cardiorespiratory Fitness in US Adults

“…A large meta-analysis of 81 studies by Mirhosseini et al [64] reported that vitamin D improved blood pressure, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. A recent meta-analysis on 17 RCTs reported that vitamin D supplementation reduced systolic and diastolic pressures in vitamin D deficient and in hypertensive individuals [65]. In contrast, Golzarand et al [66] reported no effect of vitamin D supplementation on blood pressure.…”