The effect of using kefir grains and mesenchymal stem cells in LPS-induced Alzheimer’s disease neuroinflammatory model

Abstract

La enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA) se caracteriza por una acumulación severa de placas amiloides y ovillos neurofibrilares acompañados de disfunciones cognitivas severas que conducen a cambios importantes que afectan la calidad del patrón de vida diaria del paciente. El objetivo del presente estudio es investigar los efectos de la administración de células madre mesenquimales (MSC) y/o granos de kéfir de leche en el modelo de tipo neuroinflamatorio de EA inducida por LPS de manera alternativa. Se observó que una elevación significativa del perfil lipídico y el estrés oxidativo estaban relacionados con EA de tipo neuroinflamatoria inducida con LPS. La expresión del gen BDNF, Bcl-2 y seladin-1 también se redujo significativamente en ratas con EA, mientras que la expresión relativa de Bax aumentó significativamente. La administración de granos de kéfir de leche y/o MSC suprimió los inconvenientes de la EA incluyendo cambios de comportamiento y memoria. Conclusión: La administración previa y la coadministración de granos de kéfir de leche con MSC pueden actuar como un neuromodulador activo que atenúa el proceso inflamatorio patológico subyacente que acompaña a la EA, lo que resulta en la progresión de daños en el tejido cerebral.

Hepatic and cardiac implications of increased toxic amyloid-beta serum level in lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation in rats: new insights into alleviating therapeutic interventions

“…Our previous results indicated the efficiency of exogenous hydrogen sulphide donor and MSCs (whether systemic or localized administration) in hindering AD progression and even may act as a successful prophylactic protocol due to their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immunomodulating response, and Aβ engulfing actions due to the activation of Microglia M2 anti-inflammatory type over M1 microglia proinflammatory type (Anwar et al 2018(Anwar et al , 2019b(Anwar et al , 2021bAnwar 2019). Our results revealed that the administration of NaHS as an exogenous hydrogen sulphide donor and MSCs alleviated neuroinflammatory AD damageable drawbacks on the liver and heart by decreasing Aβ, cholesterol, triglycerides, and, inflammatory cytokines in serum levels.…”

“…Hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) is a type of novel gaseous endogenous signaling molecule mainly synthesized from L-cysteine by the action of both cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) and cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) mammalian enzymes tissue types (Yilmaz et al 2019 ; Jeddi et al 2020 ; Anwar et al 2019a , b ). H 2 S was found to exert potent effects on different types of cells and organs such as smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells, inflammatory cells, brain, heart, liver, and kidney.…”

“…H 2 S was found to exert potent effects on different types of cells and organs such as smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells, inflammatory cells, brain, heart, liver, and kidney. H 2 S exogenous supplementation attenuates CVD, and hepatic dysfunctions, and neuroinflammation in addition to showing potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant actions in different animal models (Anwar et al 2019a , b ; Jeddi et al 2020 ; Yilmaz et al 2019 ). Several studies previously demonstrated that the down expression of the H 2 S-CSE system has a significant role in regulating various diseases such as hypertension, neurodegenerative diseases, and CVD.…”

The emerging mechanism behind viral infections and extracellular vesicles hypotheses leading to neuroinflammation and Alzheimer's disease pathology

“…HSV‐1 infection whether reached the CNS directly or indirectly was found to affect different brain regions resulting in severe neuroinflammation and leading eventually to progressive AD pathology. Once reaching the CNS, the virus directly begins to replicate along with the release of pathogen‐associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damage‐associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) leading to lipopolysaccharides (LPS) like effects 35–40 . Consequently, this results in the activation and release of pro‐inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) associated with TNF‐α and NF‐kB.…”

Analisis Kelayakan Investasi Pada Usaha Barbershop Di Kabupaten Sumba Timur

“…Menurut Tandalilin (2017) investasi merupakan suatu dana yang ditanamkan pada masa sekarang yang bertujuan memperoleh keuntungan di masa depan. Sedangkan menurut Anwar (2019)…”