The Effect of Treadmill Training Applied Simultaneously with Action Observation on Walking Ability in Chronic Stroke Patients

Abstract

Purpose:To investigate the effect of treadmill training applied simultaneously with gait related action observation on walking ability in chronic stroke patients. Methods: Sixteen chronic stroke patients participated in this study. Participants were randomly allocated into either the treadmill applied simultaneously with action observation training group (TAG) or treadmill applied simultaneously with landscape observation training group (TLG). The participants in both group underwent treadmill training for four weeks (a total of twelve minute, once a day, three times weekly for a four week period). All participants were measured to gait speed (10 m walking test, 10 MWT), gait endurance (6 minute walk distance, 6 MWD), dynamic gait index (DGI). In order to assure the statistical significance of the results, we used for SPSS 15.0 for windows. The Wilcoxon signed ranks test was used to compare pre-test and post-test result, and the Mann-Whitney U-test was employed for comparison between groups. Results: The 10 MWT, 6 MWD, DGI was significantly different between the TAG and the TLG group. Conclusion: According the results of this study, treadmill applied simultaneously with action observation (TAG) is effective intervention for improvement of walking ability in chronic stroke patient.

The effect of action observation training on gait and balance of patients with neurological and musculoskeletal disorders: A systematic review

“…From those studies, five were on stroke patients (Song and Lee, 2016;Park et al, 2014aPark et al, , 2017Park and Hwangbo, 2015;Bang et al, 2013) and three on patients with Parkinson's disease (Agosta and Sarasso, 2016;Pelosin et al, 2010;Santamato et al, 2015). All studies on stroke patients showed significant improvement in the 10-MWT in AO group (Bang et al, 2013;Park et al, 2014aPark et al, , 2017Park and Hwangbo, 2015;Song and Lee, 2016) (Table 7). Furthermore, none of the studies on patients with Parkinson's disease found differences between the AO and control group for the studied variable.…”

“…The results show that patients with stroke experienced a better recovery of gait speed following AO accompanying physical training compared with physical therapy alone (Bang et al, 2013;Park et al, 2014aPark et al, , 2017Song and Lee, 2016;Park and Hwangbo, 2015). In addition to speed, people who watched exercise before executing represented better endurance during walking (Bang et al, 2013) while watching and executing simultaneously did not have a significant effect on the patient's endurance (Song and Lee, 2016). This discrepancy might be attributed to the changes in motor representation and establishment of a motor memory induced by AO before execution, which has been shown in a previous study (Stefan et al, 2005).…”

“…6-minute walk test (6-MWT) was used by Bang et al (2013) and Song and Lee (2016) to measure the effect of AOT on patients' endurance as an indicator of walking ability.…”

Virtual Reality Community Gait Training Using a 360° Image Improves Gait Ability in Chronic Stroke Patients

“…3,4 Treadmill training is an effective exercise that improves the measures of activities of daily living and gait pattern. [4][5][6] Additionally, adjusting the weight load while walking on the treadmill can promote coordination of the legs and improve walking speed. [7][8][9] Gait retraining after a stroke requires exposure to various environmental conditions and situations when walking.…”

A Comprasion of the Activation of Mirror Neurons Induced by Action Observation between Simple and Complex Hand Movement

“…[9][10][11] In this regard, many previous studies have reported that action observation improves not only the function of upper limbs, but also the gait ability in stroke patients. [12][13][14][15][16][17] MNs have gained popularity in research, which may lead to the discovery of new therapies in the field of rehabilitation. We suggest that visual information used for observation will be important for therapeutic effects.…”