The Effect of Three Cyclo-oxygenase Inhibitors on Intensity of Primary Dysmenorrheic Pain

Abstract

Rofecoxib and diclofenac potassium, when taken in recommended doses, were equally effective in alleviating pain associated with primary dysmenorrhea.

What we know about primary dysmenorrhea today: a critical review

“…Only one randomized, doubleblind, crossover trial found an advantage of one NSAID over another. In this report, rofecoxib and diclofenac potassium were found to be statistically superior to meloxicam (Chantler et al, 2008).…”

“…This was indeed confirmed in an early study in which COX inhibitors reduced both the levels of PGF 2a and pain in small numbers of dysmenorrheic women (Chan and Dawood, 1980). Numerous randomized, placebo-controlled studies have investigated the efficacy and safety of NSAIDs in treating dysmenorrhea, and have shown that several NSAID formulations, including naproxen sodium, zomepirac sodium, mefenamic acid, ketoprofen, ibuprofen, and diclofenac, provide effective pain relief in women with primary dysmenorrhea (Hanson et al, 1978;Ingemanson et al, 1981;Riihiluoma et al, 1981;Budoff, 1982;Mehlisch, 1988Mehlisch, , 1990Marchini et al, 1995;Facchinetti et al, 2002;Milsom et al, 2002;Letzel et al, 2006;Chantler et al, 2008Chantler et al, , 2009aIacovides et al, 2014a). Further, a meta-analysis of 31 studies on the efficacy of NSAIDs in primary dysmenorrhea revealed that compared with placebo, naproxen, ibuprofen and mefenamic acid all provided significant pain relief (Zhang and Li Wan Po, 1998).…”

Menstrual pain and quality of life in women with primary dysmenorrhea: Rationale, design, and interventions of a randomized controlled trial of effects of a treadmill-based exercise intervention

“…A New Zealand prevalence study of 2,261 women in 2001 reported that the 3-month prevalence of dysmenorrhea was 55.2% and the 12-month prevalence 66.5% [6]. The initial onset of PD is usually within 6 to 12 months after menarche [7,8] and is commonly described as cramping, aching, or dull pain in the midline supra-pubic region, with or without radiation into the lower back, abdomen, medial thigh, or upper legs [9,10]. PD may begin a few hours before or after the onset of menstrual bleeding, lasts for about 48 to 72 h, and is most severe during the first or second day of menstruation [9,10].…”

“…The initial onset of PD is usually within 6 to 12 months after menarche [7,8] and is commonly described as cramping, aching, or dull pain in the midline supra-pubic region, with or without radiation into the lower back, abdomen, medial thigh, or upper legs [9,10]. PD may begin a few hours before or after the onset of menstrual bleeding, lasts for about 48 to 72 h, and is most severe during the first or second day of menstruation [9,10]. Other associated symptoms include nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, headaches, dizziness, diarrhea, sleeplessness, depression, irritability, and in severe cases, syncope or fainting [4,11].…”

Chuna Manual Therapy for Primary Dysmenorrhea: A Systematic Review

“…일반적인 월경통의 약물 치료에는 Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), PG 길항제 9,10) , Vasopressin antagonist 11) , 경구피임약 12) 등이 사용되고 있으나, 상기 약물의 지속적인 복용은 위염이나 간과 신장 기능 이상 등의 부작용을 유발할 수 있다 13) .…”