The effect of the sampling interface on spatial distributions of barium ions and atoms in an inductively coupled plasma ion source

Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry: insights through computer modeling

“…Several groups also investigated the plasma region itself, [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] but without comparison of plasma characteristics in the presence of the interface to the same characteristics in the absence of the interface. On the other hand, a detailed comparison of the plasma characteristics with and without sampling interface was performed by the groups of Houk, 18,19 Farnsworth 20 and Hieftje. 21 Ma et al 20 used laser induced fluorescence (LIF) to investigate the effect of the sampling interface on the analyte atom and ion distributions in the ICP, while Lehn et al 21 reported that the presence of the sampling interface causes changes in the fundamental plasma characteristics, such as electron number density and gas temperature.…”

Comparison of calculated and experimental flow velocities upstream from the sampling cone of an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer

“…[4,5] and will only be briefly described here. The experimental setup consisted of two 400 µm diameter optical fibers optically mounted to image the center of the plasma channel, with one fiber sampling upstream emission and one fiber sampling downstream emission.…”

“…[4], the location of the probe with respect to the sampling cone was determined at room temperature. In the current experiments we accounted as closely as possible for thermal expansion of the sampling cone and of the stages that supported the optical probe.…”

Occurrence of gas flow rotational motion inside the ICP torch: a computational and experimental study

“…Therefore optimization of its analytical performance is crucial. A number of studies have been performed for the effect of the presence of a mass spectrometer interface on ICPMS, [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] as well as for the effect of the ICP geometrical parameters (i.e., position and diameter of the sampler orice, as well as gas inlet diameter) on the plasma characteristics. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] These observations all suggest that the use of an interface with different orice sizes signicantly affects the plasma characteristics.…”