The Effect of the Nutritional Plane upon the Reactions of Animals to Heat

Robinson, Kathleen; Lee, Douglas H. K.

doi:10.2527/jas1947.62182x

Cited by 32 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Second, as judged from the values for rectal temperature (Table 3) the 'hot' pigs were subjected to a greater degree of heat stress while in the calorimeters than while in their pens in the hot room; this may have been related to the differences between the two environments with respect to air temperature and humidity (see Results). Third, judged from the absolute values for rectal temperatures (Table 3), the pigs at the higher level of feeding were under greater heat stress than those at the lower level; this had been expected (Robinson and Lee, 1947) and was unavoidable with the available facilities. However, the increase in rectal temperature due to the higher temperature was similar at both levels of feeding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The energy and protein metabolism of pigs growing at a high ambient temperature

Holmes

1973

Anim. Sci.

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1. The experiment was designed to investigate the effect of growth at a high ambient temperature, 33-35°C, on the protein and energy metabolism of pigs, compared with 25°C. The high temperature caused an increase in rectal temperature of 1'4° to 1 > 7°C. The animals were given two low levels of feeding while growing between 25 and 70 kg live weight; energy and nitrogen retention were measured periodically. 2. The apparent digestibilities of the dietary dry matter and energy were decreased and urinary nitrogen losses were increased at the high temperature. Heat production was increased at the high temperature, by between 2% and 10%, the effect becoming more pronounced during the course of the experiment. Retention of energy and nitrogen was reduced at the high temperature. 3. The net efficiency of utilization of metabolized energy above maintenance was between 63 % and 67 %, and was not significantly affected by live weight or temperature. The results suggested that maintenance requirement was increased at the high temperature. 4. Analyses of sample joints indicated that the high temperature caused an increase in fat percentage only at the higher level of feeding; this result agreed with fat and protein retention calculated from the balances.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The energy and protein metabolism of pigs growing at a high ambient temperature

Holmes

1973

Anim. Sci.

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“…There is also general agreement that food intake is depressed (Mueller, 1961;Payne, 1966). Robinson and Lee (1947) showed that high environmental temperatures have an inhibitory effect on growth, egg production and on egg shell quality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effect of dietary ascorbic acid on the performance of laying hens under warm environmental conditions

Kechik

Sykes

1974

British Poultry Science

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Two trials were conducted to investigate the effects of dietary ascorbic acid (AA) on the performance of laying hens maintained under high environmental temperatures (32.2 °C and 33.3 °C, respectively), and a third trial was carried out under ambient conditions (12.8 °C to 17.3 °C).Weekly changes in egg yield, shell deformation, percentage of cracked eggs and body weight showed an improvement in the AA-supplemented birds but the differences were non-significant. Egg yield and percentage of cracked eggs were not affected when the diet was supplemented with AA under ambient conditions.

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“…Alternatively a difference in maximum diurnal temperature as observed in treatment period 2, suggests that the treatment is exerting an effect when a net gain in heat is occurring. Robinson and Lee (1947) illustrated that a high plane of nutrition results in highly significant increases in rectal temperature, pulse rate and respiratory rate. Rectal temperature along with pulse rate and respiration rate of heifers consuming an 80 : 20 concentrate to roughage ration were observed to increase significantly in comparison to heifers on an all roughage diet (Brosh et al 1998).…”

Section: Effect Of Treatment On Core Body Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Feedlotting is known to increase the risk of heat stress in cattle due to several reasons such as feed type (Robinson and Lee 1947), feed toxins, and cattle type. Rectal temperature along with pulse rate and respiration rate of heifers consuming an 80 : 20 concentrate to roughage ration were observed to increase significantly in comparison to heifers on an all roughage diet (Brosh et al 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grain feeding increases core body temperature of beef cattle

et al. 2014

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Abstract. The core body temperature and post slaughter loin temperatures of steers fed on grass pasture was compared with those of steers fed a grain-based feedlot diet. The feeding treatments were grass for 300 days (Grass), grass for 150 days then feedlot for 150 days (Short Feedlot) and feedlot for 300 days (Long Feedlot). Temperature telemeters were inserted under the peritoneum of the steers and temperature measured at intervals of 1 h for the 300 days, and then at intervals of 1 min for the 48-h period before slaughter. The pH and temperature decline post mortem was also measured. The carcasses of the feedlot steers were heavier and fatter than those from the Grass-fed steers. The core body temperature of the steers from the feedlot treatments was 0.3-0.4 C higher than for the Grass treatment at the time of slaughter. The loin temperature was higher in the feedlot treatments than the Grass treatment at all times measured post mortem as was the temperature at pH 6. Feedlotting can increase the likelihood of 'high rigor temperature' conditions of high temperature and low pH occurring in beef carcasses, due to an increase in core body temperature before slaughter, a decrease in the rate of cooling and an increase in the rate of pH decline post mortem. These effects are possibly due to a combination of a direct effect of feed type on body temperature as well as indirect effects on bodyweight and condition score.

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The Effect of the Nutritional Plane upon the Reactions of Animals to Heat

Cited by 32 publications

References 0 publications

The energy and protein metabolism of pigs growing at a high ambient temperature

The energy and protein metabolism of pigs growing at a high ambient temperature

Effect of dietary ascorbic acid on the performance of laying hens under warm environmental conditions

Grain feeding increases core body temperature of beef cattle

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