The Effect of Temperature, Sulfonation, and PEG Addition on Physicochemical Characteristics of PVDF Membranes and Its Application on Hemodialysis Membrane

Abstract

Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane and its derivative have been investigated the permeation ability for creatinine and urea. The membrane was made by an inversion precipitation system in N,N-dimethyl acetamide (DMAc) and water as non-solvents. In this study, the modification of PVDF membrane permeability with PEG additives, CBT variations, and sulfonation was successfully carried out. The membrane solidification process was carried out on three variations of the coagulation bath temperature (CBT): 30, 45, and 60 °C. Eight types of membranes were characterized by using FT-IR and TGA/DSC, followed by the analysis of their porosity, hydrophilicity, water uptake, swelling degree, tensile strength, and permeability of creatinine and urea. The FT-IR spectra indicate that PVDF modification has been successfully carried out. The porosity, hydrophilicity, water uptake, and swelling degree values increase with the modification of functional groups. Furthermore, improvements in creatinine and urea permeability and clearances are achieved by increasing CBT and sulfonation in the PVDF/PEG membrane. The presence of sulfonate groups improves the membrane permeability through the interaction of intermolecular hydrogen with water and dialysate compounds. The existence of PEG as a porogen enhanced membrane porosity. Creatinine and urea clearance values increase from 0.29–0.58 and 6.38–20.63 mg/dL, respectively.

Characterization and Application of Natural Photosensitizer and Poly(vinylidene Fluoride) Nanofiber Membranes-Based Electrolytes in DSSC

“…The peak of 841.15 cm −1 also shows CH 2 rocking and asymmetric stretching of CF 2 . Furthermore, the presence of peaks at 613.88 and 873.09 cm −1 was detected, indicating the occurrence of mixed-mode CF 2 bending and CCC skeletal vibrations [54]. Pure PVDF and bending of CH 2 were shown at the absorption peak of 873.09 cm −1 .…”

Utilization of Lignin and Lignosulfonate from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches as Filler in PVDF Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

“…This suggests that the addition of filler did not change the degradation mechanism of PVDF membrane [32]. On the membrane, the first stage of degradation occurs at 432 °C that related to the decomposition of hydrogen and fluorine from the main chain of the PVDF structure [33]. The second stage at above 480 °C indicates the degradation of PVDF backbone [34].…”