Utilization of Lignin and Lignosulfonate from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches as Filler in PVDF Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell
Nala Ridhwanul Mu'izzah,
Pinka Zuhdiana Hapsari,
Nabila Putri Aulia
et al.
Abstract:A study on the polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane using lignin and lignosulfonate oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) fillers have been carried out. This study aims to determine the additional effect of lignin and lignosulfonate on PVDF membrane. Lignin sulfonation has a good result proven by Fourier transform infrared spectra with a peak at 1192 cm−1 which indicates sulfonate group. The sulfonation degree was increased by 8.9% for lignosulfonate. The membrane was prepared by the phase inversion method. Da… Show more
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