The Effect of Synovial Fluid Enzymes on the Biodegradability of Collagen and Fibrin Clots

Abstract

Recently there has been a great deal of interest in the use of biomaterials to stimulate wound healing. This is largely due to their ability to centralize high concentrations of compounds known to promote wound healing at a needed location. Joints present a unique challenge to using scaffolds because of the presence of enzymes in synovial fluid which are known to degrade materials that would be stable in other parts of the body. The hypothesis of this study was that atelocollagen scaffolds would have greater resistance to enzymatic degradation than scaffolds made of gelatin, fibrin and whole blood. To test this hypothesis, collagen and fibrin-based scaffolds were placed in matrix metallopeptidase-1 (MMP-1), elastase, and plasmin solutions at physiologic concentrations, and the degradation of each scaffold was measured at varying time points. The atelocollagen scaffolds had a significantly greater resistance to degradation by MMP-1, elastase and plasmin over the fibrin based scaffolds. The results suggest that atelocollagen-based scaffolds may provide some protection against premature degradation by synovial fluid enzymes over fibrin-based matrices.

Novel Natural Bovine Bone Graft with Integrated Atelo-Collagen Type I: Atelocollagen Bovine Bone Mineral (ABBM) Characterization In-vivo

“…Furthermore, collagen type 1 is known to inhibit bacterial pathogens that are often found in the oral cavity such as Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, hemolytic Streptococcus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa with some studies a decrease of bacterial activity by roughly 40% [19]. Parallel to this finding, atelo-collagen-based scaffolds have also been shown to provide protection against the early degradation of scaffolds by synovial fluids that contain various matrix metallopeptidases and plasmin proteins [20]. Therefore, the added features of these combined properties that are found when atelo-collagen are incorporated into such xenograft scaffolds are thought to markedly improve the bone regenerative potential of bone grafting materials.…”

Growth factor delivery of BMP9 using a novel natural bovine bone graft with integrated atelo‐collagen type I: Biosynthesis, characterization, and cell behavior

“…showed that hydroxyapatite and collagen type I inhibited growth of bacterial pathogens including Staphylococcus aureus , Staphylococcus epidermidis , β‐hemolytic Streptococcus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa on average by 37.5% . Furthermore, it has also been shown that atelo‐collagen‐based scaffolds may provide some protection against premature degradation of scaffolds by synovial fluid enzymes including matrix metallopeptidase‐1, elastase, and certain plasmin solutions . Therefore, the combination of these properties and the ability for atelo‐collagen to resist biomaterial degradation along with its natural properties of resisting bacterial infection make both these features ideal for bone grafting.…”

Hybrid use of combined and sequential delivery of growth factors and ultrasound stimulation in porous multilayer composite scaffolds to promote both vascularization and bone formation in bone tissue engineering

“…Additionally, the scaffold material, bone tissue and soft tissue could be identified and marked in color by using Image‐Pro Plus software and then the area of the bone was quantified for the quantitative analysis . By calculating the area, the quantitative results would be obtained.…”