“…11,19,20 Photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS) is useful and a common method for the determination of emulsion droplet size. 19,21,22 The PCS technique can best fit if the emulsion properties are not changed following the substantial aqueous dilutions necessary effect of surfactant on the droplet size of the formulation Surfactants are critical factors, which can determine the formation of SNEDDS during formulation development and stability of the nanosize of the droplets after the aqueous dilution of self-emulsifying formulations. 25 Figure 2 demonstrated that different surfactants (from lipophilic to hydrophilic: TO-107V, HCO30, Cremophor EL, and Cremophor RH40) with the same lipid components showed significant differences in droplet sizes.…”
Section: Determination Of Droplet Size and Polydispersity Indexmentioning
Background
Self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS) have become a popular formulation option as nanocarriers for poorly water-soluble drugs. The objective of this study was to investigate the factor that can influence the design of successful lipid formulation classification system (LFCS) Type III SNEDDS formulation and improve the oral bioavailability (BA) of fenofibrate.
Materials and methods
LFCS Type III SNEDDS were designed using various oils, water-soluble surfactants, and/or cosolvents (in considering the polarity of the lipids) for the model anticholesterol drug, fenofibrate. The developed SNEDDS were assessed visually and by measurement of the droplet size. Equilibrium solubility of fenofibrate in the SNEDDS was conducted to find out the maximum drug loading. Dynamic dispersion studies were carried out (1/100 dilution) in water to investigate how much drug stays in solution after aqueous dispersion of the formulation. The BA of SNEDDS formulation was evaluated in the rat.
Results
The results from the characterization and solubility studies showed that formulations containing mixed glycerides were highly efficient SNEDDS as they had higher solubility of the drug and produced nanosized droplets. The dispersion studies confirmed that SNEDDS (containing polar mixed glycerides) can retain >98% drug in solution for >24 hours in aqueous media. The in vivo pharmacokinetics parameters of SNEDDS formulation in comparison with pure drug showed significant increase in
C
max
and AUC
0–
t
, ~78% and 67%, respectively. The oral BA of fenofibrate from SNEDDS in rats was ~1.7-fold enhanced as compared with the BA from pure drug.
Conclusion
Fenofibrate-loaded LFCS Type III SNEDDS formulations could be a potential oral pharmaceutical product for administering the poorly water-soluble drug, fenofibrate, with an enhanced oral BA.
“…11,19,20 Photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS) is useful and a common method for the determination of emulsion droplet size. 19,21,22 The PCS technique can best fit if the emulsion properties are not changed following the substantial aqueous dilutions necessary effect of surfactant on the droplet size of the formulation Surfactants are critical factors, which can determine the formation of SNEDDS during formulation development and stability of the nanosize of the droplets after the aqueous dilution of self-emulsifying formulations. 25 Figure 2 demonstrated that different surfactants (from lipophilic to hydrophilic: TO-107V, HCO30, Cremophor EL, and Cremophor RH40) with the same lipid components showed significant differences in droplet sizes.…”
Section: Determination Of Droplet Size and Polydispersity Indexmentioning
Background
Self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS) have become a popular formulation option as nanocarriers for poorly water-soluble drugs. The objective of this study was to investigate the factor that can influence the design of successful lipid formulation classification system (LFCS) Type III SNEDDS formulation and improve the oral bioavailability (BA) of fenofibrate.
Materials and methods
LFCS Type III SNEDDS were designed using various oils, water-soluble surfactants, and/or cosolvents (in considering the polarity of the lipids) for the model anticholesterol drug, fenofibrate. The developed SNEDDS were assessed visually and by measurement of the droplet size. Equilibrium solubility of fenofibrate in the SNEDDS was conducted to find out the maximum drug loading. Dynamic dispersion studies were carried out (1/100 dilution) in water to investigate how much drug stays in solution after aqueous dispersion of the formulation. The BA of SNEDDS formulation was evaluated in the rat.
Results
The results from the characterization and solubility studies showed that formulations containing mixed glycerides were highly efficient SNEDDS as they had higher solubility of the drug and produced nanosized droplets. The dispersion studies confirmed that SNEDDS (containing polar mixed glycerides) can retain >98% drug in solution for >24 hours in aqueous media. The in vivo pharmacokinetics parameters of SNEDDS formulation in comparison with pure drug showed significant increase in
C
max
and AUC
0–
t
, ~78% and 67%, respectively. The oral BA of fenofibrate from SNEDDS in rats was ~1.7-fold enhanced as compared with the BA from pure drug.
Conclusion
Fenofibrate-loaded LFCS Type III SNEDDS formulations could be a potential oral pharmaceutical product for administering the poorly water-soluble drug, fenofibrate, with an enhanced oral BA.
“…This fine O/W emulsion results in small droplets of oil dispersed in the gastrointestinal fluids that provide a large interfacial area enhancing the activity and minimizing the irritation due to contact of drug in the gut wall. Self microemulsifying System (SMES) can be formulated with little energy input and the shelf life is longer than conventional emulsions 1,[6][7][8][9][10] . Self emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS) typically produce emulsion with a droplet size between 100 to 300 nm, while self micro-emulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) form transparent micro-emulsions with a droplet size of less than 100 nm.…”
Section: Self Micro-emulsifying Drug Delivery Systems (Smedds)mentioning
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.