The effect of stress on the suppression of erroneous competing responses

Keinan, Giora; Friedland, Nehemia; Kahneman, Daniel; Roth, Dan

doi:10.1080/10615809908249321

Cited by 47 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 41 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In a dual-task context, however, the less resource-consuming task-processing mode is associated with reduced task shielding that increases parallel processing )-for example, by relaxing between-task inhibition (Koch et al, 2010). 5 The adoption of a task-processing mode that saves available resources under stress is in line with ideas highlighting the relevance of additional stress-coping mechanisms occupying resources that are consequently not available for other resource-dependent cognitive processes (e.g., Kahneman, 1973;Keinan, Friedland, Kahneman, & Roth, 1999). In these terms, we may conclude that stressed individuals adopted a resource-saving mode of dual-task processing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Better not to deal with two tasks at the same time when stressed? Acute psychosocial stress reduces task shielding in dual-task performance

Plessow

Schade

Kirschbaum

et al. 2012

Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A major control demand in successful dual-task performance is the task-specific separation of task-goal representations and of the related stimulus-response translation processes. In the present study, we investigated how these cognitive control processes of task shielding are affected by acute psychosocial stress. Fifty-six healthy participants were exposed to either an acute psychosocial stressor (the Trier Social Stress Test) or a standardized control situation prior to a dual task. Task shielding was assessed by analyzing the interference of Task 2 processing on prioritized Task 1 performance. Following successful stress induction, as indicated by increases in salivary α-amylase (sAA) and cortisol that reflect increases in sympathetic nervous system and hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity, respectively, stressed individuals displayed reduced task shielding relative to controls. This result was further substantiated by a correlation between treatment-related increase in cortisol, but not sAA, and between-task interference, suggesting a potential role of the HPA stress response for the development of the observed effects. As an additional finding, when the volunteers were categorized with regard to their action-state orientation, their orientation did not interact with stress but did reveal generally increased between-task interference, and thus inferior task shielding, for state-oriented as compared to action-oriented individuals. Technical progress during the last decades, particularly in the domains of communication technology and human-machine interactions, has tremendously increased dual-tasking requirements for the individual with regard to both quantity and quality. Similar to dual-tasking, stress has become an omnipresent aspect of modern life, and thus successful performing even under conditions of acute stress represents an everyday demand for more and more individuals. As a consequence, these similar trends are not only indicative of a need to address both issues, but also require an investigation of the specific link between acute stress and dual-task performance; this topic is pursued in the present study. Whenever more than one task is performed at a time, the cognitive system faces additional demands that go beyond those of single-task processing (e.g., online order control, task-set separation, and task-component scheduling). Accordingly, theoretical models of dual-task performance (e.g., Logan & Gordon, 2001;Meyer & Kieras, 1997;Sigman & Dehaene, 2006) assume that simultaneous task performance is coordinated and realized by mechanisms of cognitive control 1 1 It should be noted that this view is not shared by traditional dual-task models. For example, the influential response-selection bottleneck model holds that, due to a structural processing limitation, only certain information processing in two tasks can occur at the same time (e.g., perception and motor execution), whereas other critical stages (e.g., response selection) need to be performed one at a time (i.e., se...

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Better not to deal with two tasks at the same time when stressed? Acute psychosocial stress reduces task shielding in dual-task performance

Plessow

Schade

Kirschbaum

et al. 2012

Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In 1989, Hobful stated that human resources bring about a fundamental idea that when the outside forces act upon people then they try to oppose them as physical materials and bodies do. Nowadays stress has become a controversial term though it has a broader view and needs to be defined in multiple ways (Keinan, 1997). In the organization it is very important to understanding job stress because it seriously affects the key attitudes associated with job like job satisfaction, organizational commitment etc.…”

Section: Job Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antecedents of Job Stress and its impact on employee’s Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intentions

Ahmad¹,

Wajid²,

Sajid³

et al. 2014

IJLD

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To achieve the pleasures of successful work place is an art of coping with stress. Job stress is When the level of stress increases from the resources and coping abilities possessing by someone then results can be unfavorable both for employees and organization because stress is a crucial factor influencing both performance and work in organizations. In this new era of proficiency, the job stress is a very important considerable matter at work place. That's why this research will extensively focus on the impact of work overload, role conflict and role ambiguity on job stress and further the effect of job stress on job satisfaction and also on turnover intention. This research will try to identify the causes and effect of job stress on employee's behaviors, attitudes and their willingness towards achieving goals and efficiency. A questionnaire (in which scales were consisting of twenty six items) is prepared to find out the association between role conflicts, role ambiguity, work overload and job stress and furthermore between job stress, turnover intention and job satisfaction on the basis of regression analysis. The results shows that between the variables there are very significant relationships are present. Role ambiguity, role conflict, work overload, and turnover intention have positive correlation with job stress but between job stress and job satisfaction there is negative correlation and there is also a negative correlation among job satisfaction and turnover intention. The scales and instruments are taken from the standard sources. The research results are valuable for a large number of companies, institutes and different departments to improve their productivity, to know the employees behaviors and for the welfare of both employees and organizations. For training oriented organizations research results have practical implications.

show abstract

“…Tversky and Kahneman (1974) posited that people use cognitive means in order to obviate the need for further costly processing. Keinan, Friedland, Kahneman, and Roth (1999) explained that controlling mental operations requires effort, that stress and arousal tax cognitive resources and that, consequently, we are left with inadequate resources for exercising effective control. According to this view, individuals with more cognitive ability have better coping resources and are able to exercise effective control, which may help lower their stress levels in demanding situations.…”

Section: Cognitive Resourcesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Resources and coping with stressful events

Luria

Torjman

2008

J Organ Behavior

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SummaryThis longitudinal, quasi-field experiment tested whether perceived stress and increase in perceived stress are related to the resources of the individual, namely, personality (core self evaluation scale (CSES)), physical fitness, social support (acceptance and/or rejection by peers), and cognitive abilities. Perceived stress scale (PSS) was administered at two points in time to participants in a two-day selection process for a military unit, whose stressful environment formed the manipulation in this study. Baseline PSS was obtained from soldiers before the selection activity, when threatened with resource loss. PSS was next administered during the selection activity, when individuals had to cope with actual loss of resources and difficulty in regaining them. As expected, participants perceived more stress during the selection activity. Participants with higher CSES, higher cognitive abilities and higher levels of social support perceived lower stress levels prior to the activity. The increase in stress level was lower for participants with better fitness levels, but greater for participants rejected by their peers. Exploratory analysis of resource overlap was conducted and revealed a contribution of few key resources to coping, even in the presence of other resources.

show abstract

The effect of stress on the suppression of erroneous competing responses

Cited by 47 publications

References 41 publications

Better not to deal with two tasks at the same time when stressed? Acute psychosocial stress reduces task shielding in dual-task performance

Better not to deal with two tasks at the same time when stressed? Acute psychosocial stress reduces task shielding in dual-task performance

Antecedents of Job Stress and its impact on employee’s Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intentions

Resources and coping with stressful events

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About