The effect of small amounts of antidiuretic hormone on sodium and urate excretion in pregnancy

Torres, Citlali Salazar; Schewitz, Lionel J.; Pollak, Victor E.

doi:10.1016/0002-9378(66)90061-5

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Therefore, the fraction of solute escaping reabsorption and the residual volume to be concen trated are decreased, requiring decreased tubular binding of AVP. Since AVP is also natriuretic (Torres et al 1966), by regulating the amiloride-sensitive apical sodium channel in the kidney tubules (Prat et al 1993), the mandatory dimin ished natriuresis during very low sodium intake can be achieved in part by decreased AVP binding. This fits well with our finding of diminished urinary AVP excretion in sodium-restricted non-smoking women, but not with the unchanged plasma levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vasopressin and oxytocin levels during normal pregnancy: effects of chronic dietary sodium restriction

Post

Buul²,

Hart³

et al. 1997

Journal of Endocrinology

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Neurohypophysial hormones are thought to be involved in alterations in fluid balance during pregnancy and delivery. In the course of normal pregnancy intravascular volume is increased whereas sodium restriction is thought to reduce plasma volume and cardiac output. In the present study, we measured the effect of long-term severe sodium restriction on vasopressin (AVP) and oxytocin (OT) levels during normal pregnancy and after delivery.Fifty-nine healthy nulliparous women were randomized either for a low sodium diet (20 mmol sodium daily) or for a normal diet from week 12 of pregnancy onwards, Circulating plasma levels and urinary excretion of AVP and OT, their neurophysins (Np-AVP and Np-OT) and AVP bound to platelets were determined at regular intervals during pregnancy and after delivery. After com pletion of the study, women on a sodium-restricted diet were compared with control women on a normal diet using repeated measurement ANOVA with adjustment for potentially confounding variables.After randomization, a reduction in urinary sodium excretion of, on average, 40-82% was found. In general, no effect of sodium restriction could be demonstrated on the various parameters (0*53< P < 0*98) with the exception of a significantly lower 24-h urinary AVP excretion by non-smokers with sodium restriction compared with non-smokers having a normal diet (P=0'018). For all parameters, clear changes were found in the course of pregnancy and puerperium (P<0*0001 to P<0'005). Platelet-bound AVP decreased and N p -O T increased during pregnancy. After birth, free plasma AVP, plateletbound AVP, O T, osmolality, sodium and potassium increased, while Np-AVP and N p -O T decreased.Although elevated Np-AVP and N p-O T levels during pregnancy seem to indicate increased release of neuro hypophysial hormones, pregnancy up to 36 weeks of gestation is accompanied by low circulating AVP and O T levels.Long-term severe sodium restriction diminishes urinary AVP excretion in (non-smoking) pregnant women, with out changing circulating levels of AVP and OT, despite the known reduction in circulating volume. The reduced circulating (plat el et-bound) AVP levels during pregnancy, whether or not in combination with severe sodium restriction, support the absence of significant non-osmotic stimulation of AVP during pregnancy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vasopressin and oxytocin levels during normal pregnancy: effects of chronic dietary sodium restriction

Post

Buul²,

Hart³

et al. 1997

Journal of Endocrinology

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“…15 subjects positioned in lateral recumbency were expanded with hypotonic saline. After the saline load they changed to the supine recumbent position.…”

Section: Sodium Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, subjects were studied while undergoing a maximal water diuresis, and during such conditions changes in per cent of urine flow or in free water generation per unit of GFR or variations in the ratio of urea to inulin clearance may be inversely related to changes in the reabsorption of filtrate in the proximal tubule (12)(13)(14). Also, maintenance of hydration was used to eliminate any effects of antidiuretic hormone on the sodium excretion of the pregnant subjects (15,16).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of hypotonic expansion on sodium, water, and urea excretion in late pregnancy: the influence of posture on these results

Lindheimer¹,

Weston²

1969

J. Clin. Invest.

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A B S T R A C T Mineralocorticoid-treated, normotensive third trimester subjects positioned in lateral recumbency were studied before and during the infusion of 300 mEq of hypotonic saline. Urinary sodium excretion increased in all subjects from a mean value of 199 to 416 IAEq/min.In 12 maximally hydrated subjects free water clearance (CH2o) and urine flow (V) increased from means of 7.54 and 9.50 to 11.6 and 14.5 ml/100 ml of glomerular filtrate (GFR) Also the ratio of urea to inulin clearance (Curen/Cinuiln) increased from 0.59 to 0.64. The changes in the renal handling of water and urea suggest that fractional sodium reabsorption decreased at proximal nephron sites.The subjects then assumed a supine position, and the results were compared to those obtained during the lateral recumbent control periods. Filtered sodium decreased in 11 experiments, but in five studies it remained up to 2.6 mEq/min above control values. There was only one instance in which a significant increase in sodium excretion occurred. It was concluded that supine recumbency blunts natriuresis despite volume expansion or an increase in the filtered load of sodium.Finally, in the 12 hydrated subjects supine recumbency reduced CH2o and V from a mean of 11.6 and 14.5 to 6.2 and 8.2 ml/100 ml of GFR. In eight of these experiPreliminary reports of this work have been published in abstract form:

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The Influence of the Neurohypophysial Hormones and Similar Polypeptides on the Kidneys

Thorn¹

1968

Neurohypophysial Hormones and Similar Polypeptides

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The effect of small amounts of antidiuretic hormone on sodium and urate excretion in pregnancy

Cited by 11 publications

References 38 publications

Vasopressin and oxytocin levels during normal pregnancy: effects of chronic dietary sodium restriction

Vasopressin and oxytocin levels during normal pregnancy: effects of chronic dietary sodium restriction

Effect of hypotonic expansion on sodium, water, and urea excretion in late pregnancy: the influence of posture on these results

The Influence of the Neurohypophysial Hormones and Similar Polypeptides on the Kidneys

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